exam 3

Albinism

________ is a genetic condition that affects tyrosinase production, melanocytes cant produce melanin.

Menopause

________ affects bone loss in females 3x more than a males span.

White spots

________- due to trauma to nail body or zinc deficiency.

Shingles

________- red swollen vesicles, caused by chickenpox virus, compromised immune system, contagious, anti viral medication or anti inflammatory medications.

Urticaria

________- inflammation of blood vessels, itchy, allergic reactions, resolves itself.

Melanocytes

________ make up 10 % of the stratum basale and contain tyrosinase which is converted into dopamine, dopamine is converted into melanin.

Herpes

________- blistering of skin, caused by HSV, 75 % have oral, 30 % have genital, contagious, anti viral medication and lysine.

Impetigo

________- lesions around mouth or nose, caused by bacteria, contagious, antibiotic medications and creams.

Dark vertical lines

________- due to trauma or melanoma.

Psoriasis

________- inflammation red and silver lesions, itchy, autoimmune damage, immunosuppressive medications, anti inflammatory creams.

Growth

________ and thyroid hormones promote bone production which increases chondrocyte and osteoblast mitosis and protein synthesis.

Osteoblasts

________ take over when calcium and phosphate levels are high.

Dermatophytosis

________- ringworm, athletes foot, caused by fungus, contagious, anti fungal medication and creams.

Meissners

________ corpuscle responds to light pressure and vibration.

Osteoclasts

________ take over when blood calcium and phosphate levels are low.

Vitamin d production

________ converts 7- dehydrocholesterol into cholecalciferol when exposed to 60 minutes of UVB a week, longer for dark skin.

anemia

Pale- due to aging, ________, cardiovascular disease or liver disease.

D3

Calcidiol circulates kidneys and forms vitamin ________.

Dermatitis

________- inflammation red lesions, itchy, allergic reactions, anti inflammatory medications, antihistamine medications.

Sweat

________ is constantly produced to keep the body cool.

Warts

________- elevated skin lesions, abnormal skin cell division, caused by HPV, contagious, cryotherapy or salicylic acid.

osteocyte

The ________ dies and releases calcium and phosphate back into the blood.

Proliferation

________ contains chondrocytes arranged in columns which secrete collagen, proteoglycans, they divide into the zone of hypertrophy.

Vitiligo

________ is caused by autoimmune destruction of melanocytes which causes pale areas of skin.

Dermis

________ is composed of collagen and elastic fibers, moss or damage of collagen or elastic fibers cause wrinkles.

Merkels

________ disk responds to light pressure.

Bone production

________ decreases blood calcium and blood phosphate levels towards the normal range and allows the bone to store calcium and phosphate.

Calcium

________ is responsible for calcification of osteoblasts and chondrocytes.

Amount of bone

________ produced is greater than the amount absorbed.

Ruffinis corpuscle

________ responds to skin stretch.

zone of calcification

The ________ is where chondrocytes die which leaves a voided space where osteoblasts enter and turn into osteocytes.

UV

________ rays increase production of free radicals which damage the same things.

Parathyroid hormones

________ promotes bone resorption, increased PTH causes more bone resorption.

Osteoblast activity

________ is higher than osteoclast activity.

cell production

Red blood ________, white blood ________, and platelet production occurs in the sternum, ribs, vertebrae, clavicle, skull, and long bones.

Melanin absorbs UV

________ rays that can damage DNA, protein and membranes.

Temperature regulation

________ occurs via blood vessels in the dermal layer, blood vessels dilate when body temperature increases, blood vessels restrict when body temperature decreases.

Peak bone mass

________ is the greatest bone density during a lifetime usually achieved by 30 years old.

Pacinian corpuscle

________ responds to deep pressure.

Yellow nails

________- due to dermatophytosis or pulmonary disease or diabetes.

Calcium

________ and phosphates move into the bone when osteoblasts produce bone.

Calcium

________ and phosphates move into the blood when osteoclasts resort bone.

SPF 15

1/15 93%

SPF 30

1/30 97%

SPF 50

1/50 98%

high levels of Na+ and Cl

can indicate cystic fibrosis

pilocarpine sweat test measures Cl

concentration

head

9%

front torso

18%

back torso

18%

entire leg

18%

entire arm

9%

genitalia

1%

first degree

partial thickness, epidermis, wont blister, heals naturally

second degree

partial thickness, epidermis and dermis, often will blister, will heal naturally

third degree

full thickness, epidermis and dermis, life threatening, skin graft or homograft

psoriasis

inflammation red and silver lesions, itchy, autoimmune damage, immunosuppressive medications, anti inflammatory creams

dermatitis

inflammation red lesions, itchy, allergic reactions, anti inflammatory medications, antihistamine medications

urticaria

inflammation of blood vessels, itchy, allergic reactions, resolves itself

dermatophytosis

ringworm, athletes foot, caused by fungus, contagious, anti fungal medication and creams

impetigo

lesions around mouth or nose, caused by bacteria, contagious, antibiotic medications and creams

warts

elevated skin lesions, abnormal skin cell division, caused by HPV, contagious, cryotherapy or salicylic acid

shingles

red swollen vesicles, caused by chickenpox virus, compromised immune system, contagious, anti viral medication or anti inflammatory medications

herpes

blistering of skin, caused by HSV, 75% have oral, 30% have genital, contagious, anti viral medication and lysine

brittle nails

due to cold dry conditions or too much water or thyroid disease

yellow nails

due to dermatophytosis or pulmonary disease or diabetes

white spots

due to trauma to nail body or zinc deficiency

pitting

due to psoriasis beneath nail body

concave

due to iron deficiency

pale

due to aging, anemia, cardiovascular disease or liver disease

dark vertical lines

due to trauma or melanoma