Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry - Formula Sheet

Flashcards based on chemistry lecture notes, focusing on vocabulary and key formulas.

P (in PV = nRT)

Pressure in atmospheres (atm).

V (in PV = nRT)

Volume in Litres (L).

n (in PV = nRT)

Number of moles.

R (in PV = nRT)

Ideal gas constant (0.0821 atm L/mol K).

T (in PV = nRT)

Temperature in Kelvin (K).

M (in dgas = PM/RT)

Molar mass.

Density

Mass per unit volume.

NTP/STP

At Normal Temperature and Pressure/ Standard Temperature and Pressure.

A1, A2, A3 (in AAM formula)

Mass number of isotopes.

x1, x2, x3 (in AAM formula)

Percentage abundance of isotopes.

Percentage Yield

Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield * 100.

Percentage Purity

Mass of pure substance / total mass of impure substance * 100

MF = EF x n

Molecular Formula = Empirical Formula * n

nA/a = nB/b = nC/c = nD/d

Describes the relationship between moles of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation.

ppm

Parts per million.

Mole fraction of solute (Xsolute)

Moles of solute / (moles of solute + moles of solvent).

Dilution Formula

M1V1 = M2V2

Molarity (M)

Moles of solute / Volume of solution (in Liters).

g/L

Mass of solute / Volume of solution

Molality (m)

Moles of solute / Mass of solvent (in kg).

m = 1000M / (1000d - M * Msolute)

Molarity and Molality conversion formula.

Xsolute = m / (m + 1000/Msolvent)

mole fraction and molality conversion formula

M = (Xsolute * d * 1000) / (XsoluteMsolute + XsolventMsolvent)

Molarity and Mole fraction conversion formula

Normality

Normality = Molarity * n-factor

% (w/v) -> M = %/Mw *10

Indicates that for a %(w/v) solution, M = %/Mw *10

% (w/w) -> M = (d*%/Mw) *10

Indicates that for a %(w/w) solution, M = d*%/Mw *10