Color Theory 2017 ✅

Achromatic

Black and White

Monochromatic

variations of one hue; tints, tones, and shades of one hue.

Near Complementary

Yellow - Green + Violet

Analogous

Blue - Green + Dark Blue

Triad Color Scheme

RO + YG + BV

2600-3000 K

typical incandescent lamp

Value

measured in a scale of black and white

Saturation

Add gray to reduce ___

Incandescent

The illumination resulting from the glowing of a heated filament.

Pigment

natural or artificial colorants that are insoluble in application medium

RGB

100% of the light primaries results to white

CMYK

suitable for printing higher gamut

saturated color

cmyk mixed in equal percentages make a ____

shade

hue that has been made darker with the application of color black

additive color

process of mixing colored light such as television or theatrical lighting

subtractive color

process of mixing pigments together such as we see in paintings

intervals

a way to characterize difference between color schemes

colorant

a material that changes the light absorption characteristics of another material to which is applied

broken hue

result of mixing unequal proportions of all primaries

Intensity

same as saturation

Isaac Newton

English physicist who is interested purely in color

Aristotle

Greek philosopher who is the author of DE COLORIBUS

all colors are derived from mixtures of black and white

Leonardo Da Vinci

Renaissance artist who is the author of TREATISE ON PAINTING

SIMULTANEOUS CONTRAST

black and white were indeed colors

Isaac Newton

English physicist who was the author of OPTICKS.

PHYSICS OF COLORS.

discovers a ray of white light passes and bent through a prism

Moses Harris

English Entomologist who wrote THE NATURAL SYSTEM OF COLORS.

red, yellow and blue as the primary hues

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

German Poet who wrote THEORY OF COLORS

investigated and record the function of the eye

Philip Otto Runge

German Painter who wrote THE COLOR SPHERE

arranged 12 hues in a spherical format

Michael Eugene Chevreul

French Chemist who is the author of THE PRINCIPLE OF HARMONY AND CONTRAST OF COLORS

72 hues in COLOR HEMISPHERE

Ogden Rood

american who proposed that colors differed from one another as a result of THREE VARIABLES: purity, luminosity and hue

albert munsell

american born theorist whose COLOR NOTATION becomes the ACCEPTABLE LANGUAGE OF COLOR which is called COLOR NOTATION.

COLOR TREE.

PARTITIVE COLOR SYSTEM.

Johannes Itten

Swiss teacher who wrote THE ART OF COLOR and condensed version of THE ELEMENTS OF COLOR

he developed his COLOR STAR DIAGRAM for his Bauhaus preliminary course

Josef Albers

Student of Itten, and developed the COLOR TRIANGLE

color theory

term that refers to Body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination

7

Newton's color model consists of __ hues

Chroma

Arranged in the Munsell tree from the center outward

Gamut

refers to range of colors that a device can print or display

Subtractive Colors

Creating colors based on pigments or dyes

Color Blindness

also known as color deficiency

Fluting

an illusion in which a series of vertical stripes of uniform width appear to have concaury

color effect

what we actually see as color

Prism

Upon entering a ___, white light refracts into the visible spectrum

red

color having the longest wave length

violet

color having the shortest wave length

Light quality

spectral energy distribution of light

Yellow-Yellow Green

colors that appear brighter than all the other colors.

Syntheses

person with synesthesia

Deuteranopia

red-green color blindness

hue, saturation, value

3 dimensions of Colors

hue

undiluted colors

true color of the spectrum

Color Wheel

color arrangements or structures that enable us to organize and predict such color

Pigment wheel

Designers use this kind of color wheel

basis for working with subtractive color

its primary colors are red, blue and yellow

primary colors

red, yellow, blue

secondary colors

Any color produced by combining equal amounts of any two primary colors.

tertiary colors

Created by mixing a primary color with a neighboring secondary color

process wheel

wheel where its basic primaries are yellow, magenta, scyan

Light wheel

wheel based on the additive color sytem and provides information concerning light rays

Cool hues

usually related with the coolest hue being blue-green. it recede and suggest sky, water. distance, foliage, shadows. it is quiet, restful, far, airy and light

Warm hues

usually related to red, with the warmest hue being red-orange. advance and suggest aggression, sunlight, heat, blood, arousak and stimulation

Visual Weight

How a color appears to be heavy or light to a person's eyes

Tones

Addition of gray to a pure hue

Michael Eugene Chevreul

wrote "The Law on Simultaneous Contrast"

Red, Green, Blue

Additive Color System's primary colors

Red, Yellow, Blue

Subtractive color system's primary colors

Tonal Value

refers to the luminiscent of degree of lightness and darkness in color

Chroma or Saturation

Relative brilliance or muted quality of a color

Albert Munsell

This painter/art educator created an accurate system for numerically describing colors following a classic color-order tradition, a formal system based on progressions of the three color qualities: hue, value and saturation

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

he believed that true understanding comes from an intuitive approach to color. he rejected the rigidity of color order systems and stressed the power of eye-training exercises

reflectance or luminance

measure of the amount of light falling on a surface that is reflected back. it is a measure of the total amount of light reflected, not the individual wavelengths

Transmission

The material allows light to pass through, as through glass

absorption

the material soaks up light reaching it like a sponge, and the light is lost as visible. it can no longer be seen

reflection or scattering

light bouncing off an object

Colorants

Special materials that modify light by absorsome wavelength and reflecting others

Filters

materials that transmit or pass through some wavelengths of light and absorb others

Iridiscense

An attrinute of surfaces on which the hue changes as the observer's angle of view changes

Luminosity

its meaning js the attribute of emitting light without heat

Saturated color

hue in its strongest possible manifestation

artist's spectrum

Any linear series of hues in spectrum order

Analogous

hues tht are adjacent on the artists spectrum

complementary

hues that are opposite one another onthe artists spectrum

Tertiary

Chromatic neutrals made of all three primaries.

simultaneous contrast

means that for every given color the eye spontaneously and simultaneously seeks its complement. any adjoining achromatic area takes on aspects of that complement

Complementary contrast

intensifies any complementary relationship that exist between a ground and a carried color

Ground subtraction

takes place when a ground and carried colors contain elements in common as well as elements that re different. qualities that are shared are reduced and differences between them are intensified

atmospheric perspective

also known as aerial perspective

is the only pictorial depth cue that has a hue component

transparence illusion

a 3 dimensional illusion that takes place when two opaque colors and an interval between them are arranged in such a way that one colornappears to be tranparent and lying on top of the other

fluting

a 3 dimensional illusiom in which a series of vertical stripes of uniform width appear to have concavity, like the channels of a Doric Column

vibration

an effect that takes place when blocks of brilliant and complementary colors that are equal or very close in value are placed together

Bezold effect

also called as sprrading effect

describes what happens when the value of an entire composition is altered by adding, removing, or changing one color only

optical mixes

also known as partitive color

it is created ahen two or more colors, in tiny masses or patches just at the threshold of vision, ade used together to create a wholly new color

johann wolfgang von goethe

In "announcement for a thesis in color" in 1791, this preeminent color theorist of the 18th century viewed color not as light, but as an entity of their own, as experienced reality

pixels

smallest units of the screen display

"picture elements"

DPI (dots per inch)

the resolution measurement on a printer

pixels are measured as __

bit-depth

the number of ways in which a pixel can be altered-the total number of colors that a monitor is capable of displaying--is determined by its __

24 bit depth

a __ monitor is sometimes said to be capable of displaying "TRUE COLOR"

LCD

a __ monitor displays color when light passes through pixels that are filled with liquid crystal and red, green and blue filters

calibration

Adjustment of equipment to ensure proper function.

standardising colors between devices

dithering

is a capability of some graphic programs that extends the range of colors in software that has limited color palette

it takes advantage of the human eye's tendency to "mix" colors that are similar to each other

Spectrophotometer

captures the color of any material or image and creates an on-screen match; it even evaluates subtractive colors under different light sources

CMYK

Mode of color display imitates the result of mixing process colors

RGB

mode of screen display parallels the behavior of light display such as web pages or dvds