Transformations and Geometry Concepts

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and definitions relating to transformations, geometry concepts, and probability.

Transformation

An operation that alters the position, size, or shape of a figure.

Rotation

A transformation that turns a figure around a fixed point.

Reflection

A transformation that flips a figure over a line.

Translation

A transformation that slides a figure from one position to another without turning it.

Line of Symmetry

A line that divides a shape into two identical parts.

Perimeter

The distance around the outside of a shape.

Area

The amount of space inside a two-dimensional shape.

Acute Angle

An angle that measures less than 90 degrees.

Obtuse Angle

An angle that measures more than 90 but less than 180 degrees.

Polygon

A closed figure with many sides.

Prime Notation

A way to denote images after transformations, such as A to A'.

Parallel Lines

Lines in a plane that never intersect and have the same slope.

Perpendicular Lines

Lines that intersect at right angles, with slopes that are opposite reciprocals.

Rhombus

A type of parallelogram with all four sides of equal length.

Triangle Angle Sum Theorem

The theorem that states the sum of the angles in a triangle is always 180 degrees.

Vertical Angles

Angles that are opposite each other when two lines intersect.

Dilation

A transformation that enlarges or shrinks a figure from a center point.

Pythagorean Theorem

A formula used to find the length of a side in a right triangle, a² + b² = c².

Trigonometric Ratios

Ratios derived from the angles and sides of a right triangle used in trigonometry.

Independent Events

Events in probability where the outcome of one does not affect the other.

Expected Value

The sum of all possible values of a random variable multiplied by their probabilities.