Oxidation, Reduction, and Corrosion Processes (CHEM)

What is oxidation ?

Oxidation is the gain of oxygen and the loss of electrons.

What is reduction?

the loss of oxygen and the gain of electrons.

What is formed when magnesium reacts with oxygen?

Magnesium oxide.

What happens to sulfur when it reacts with oxygen?

gets oxidized to form sulfur dioxide.

What is the thermite reaction?

iron (III) oxide and aluminum, where aluminum reduces iron (III) oxide.

Why are more reactive metals better at forming positive ions?

lose their outer shell electrons more easily

What is sacrificial protection in terms of metal reactivity?

using a more reactive metal, like zinc, to protect iron from corrosion.

What is galvanizing?

using zinc to protect iron from corrosion.

How is copper extracted from low-grade ores?

phytomining, which involves burning plants that absorb copper compounds.

What is rusting?

the corrosion of iron, requiring oxygen and water.

What is rust chemically known as?

hydrated iron (III) oxide.

What are some methods to prevent rusting?

creating a physical barrier, such as coating iron with oil, paint, or plastic.

How does copper protect iron from rusting?

Its less reactive than iron, can act as a physical barrier to protect iron.

What is the role of calcium chloride in preventing rusting?

absorbs water, which helps prevent rusting.

How does boiling oil prevent rusting?

removes oxygen, preventing it from reaching the iron.

What is phytomining's environmental advantage?

more environmentally friendly than traditional mining, causing less habitat loss and waste.

What are some disadvantages of phytomining?

Slow process, low quantity of cooper in them, takes up a-lot of space

What is the process of recycling metals?

melting the metal and reforming it into new shapes.

What are the benefits of recycling metals?

conserves finite resources, reduces landfill waste, and is better for the environment.

What is a disadvantage of recycling compared to traditional mining?

still requires energy input for melting the metal, though less than traditional mining.

What is an alloy?

mixture of metals with little bits of other elements

Qualities of alloys and why?

harder than pure metals, layers can't slide over each-other because atoms are different sizes