electrolysis

dilute sulfuric acid - anode product

oxygen

dilute sulfuric acid - cathode product

hydrogen

dilute sulfuric acid - anode observations

bubbles of oxygen gas

dilute sulfuric acid - cathode observations

bubbles of hydrogen gas

to find products formed in a substance

eg. molten potassium iodide

anode - non metal

cathode - usually metal

anode - iodine

cathode - potassium

Panic mnemonic

Positive is Anode, negative is cathode

electrolysis

when an electric current is directed through a molten or aqueous ionic compound resulting in the compound decomposing or breaking down

electrolyte

the ionic compound in a molten or dissolved solution that can conduct electricity

electrode

the rod used to direct energy

inert so they’re made of platinum (metal) or carbon/graphite (non - metal) so there aren’t any side reactions

why ionic compounds need to be molten or aqueous

mobile ions (solid ionic compounds don’t have free ions to move or carry charge)

why a substance needs to be manufactured through electrolysis

takes too high of a temperature to extract the product

molten lead bromide - anode product

bromine gas

molten lead bromide - cathode product

lead metal

molten lead bromide - anode observations

bromine gas is released

molten lead bromide - cathode observations

lead metal is formed

concentrated aqueous sodium chloride - anode product

chlorine

concentrated aqueous sodium chloride - cathode product

hydrogen

concentrated aqueous sodium chloride - anode observations

chlorine gas is produced

concentrated aqueous sodium chloride - cathode observations

bubbles of hydrogen gas

simple electrolytic cell

remember that cathode is connected to the negative side of the battery and anode is connected to the positive side