Physics

vector

a physical quantity with magnitude and direction

scalar

a physical quantity with magnitude only

resultant

Is is the single vector having the same effect as two or more vectors together

equilibrium

The state or condition of a system when all the forces acting on the system produce a zero resultant

frictional force

The force that opposes the motion of an object and which acts parallel to the surface

Newton’s First Law of Motion

States that a body will remain in its state of rest or move at constant velocity unless non-zero net force acts on it

Inertia

It is the property of a body which causes it to resist a change in its state of rest or uniform motion

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

When a net force acts on an object, the object will accelerate in the direction of the net force. This acceleration is directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

When object A exerts a force on object B, then object B exerts a force on object A equal in magnitude but opposite in direction

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

states that each body in the universe attracts every other body with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres

Weight

it is the gravitational force that Earth exerts on any object on or near its surface

Principle of charge quantization

All charges in the universe consist of an integer multiple of the charge on one electron

principle of conservation of charge

the net charge of an isolated system remains constant during any physical process

Coulomb’s Law

The magnitude of the electrostatic force of attraction or repulsion exerted by one point charge on another point charge is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres

electric field

It is a region of space in which an electric charge experiences a force

potential difference

it is the energy transferred per unit charge flowing between two points through a conductor

ohm’s law

the potential difference across a conductor is directly proportional to the current in the conductor at constant temperature

power

it is the rate at which work is done

electromagnetic induction

it is the production of an emf across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field

faraday’s law

states that the emf induced in a coil is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage