Adaptive immunity

what is a self antigen

tells the body that it is one of your cells

so it doesn’t get destroyed

what is a non-self antigen

antigens from pathogens

cause body to destroy pathogen

what controls the humoral response

lymphocytes

where does the humoral response occur

in the blood

what is clonal selection

complimentary receptor on B LYMPHOCYTE binds to non-self antigen

what is clonal expansion

B lymphocyte undergoes many rounds of mitosis resulting in the production of specialised cells

what cells are produced from clonal expansion

B memory cells

plasma cells

B memory cells

remain in blood in case of reinfection

so that clonal expansion and selection don’t have to reoccur

what are plasma cells

make antibodies which are then released into blood

what to antibodies do

clump pathogens together (agglutinate them)

to mark them for phagocytosis

what controls the cell mediated response

T lymphocytes

what is displayed on host cell

a host cell infected with pathogens will display non-self antigens to show that it’s infected

what binds to non self antigens displayed from cells

receptor of T lymphocytes

this is called clonal selection

what does clonal expansion of T lymphocytes produce

T helper cells

T memory cells

T killer cells

what does a T helper cell do

releases cytokines

what do cytokines do

cause more clonal expansion of B and T lymphocytes

stimulate phagocytes - neutrophil, macrophage, monocytes

what do T memory cells do

remain in circulation in case of reinfection

what do T killer cells do

cause cell lysis of whole infected cells