Decision Making

Clinical practice is supported by which theories

1. Applied behavior analysis

2. Developmental: psycholinguistics semantic/constructivist

3. Psycholinguistic syntactic

4. Sociolinguistic, social pragmatic

5. Information processing

What is antecedent in ABA

things that come before the client demonstrates the behavior

What are consequences in ABA

things that occur after the behavior

What is positive reinforcement in ABA

add something to encourage the behavior

What is negative reinforcement in ABA

take away something to encourage the behavior

What is punishment in ABA

Decreasing undesirable behaviors

Why don't we partake in punishment in ABA?

it doesn't teach, it may create a power struggle between the client and the clinician, the client will become avoidant and anxious

What is an example of ABA?

an SLP pulls out bubbles, the client says “mine”, the SLP gives the client the bubbles

What are some examples of semantic relations?

1. Mommy's shoe

2. Bite doggy

3. Big kitty

What are prerequisite cognitive skills?

mental abilities and discrete competencies required to perform higher-order tasks

What are some examples of prerequisite cognitive skills?

1. Object permanance

2. Cause-effect

3. Imitation: immediate/deferred

What are some of the methods used in semantics

modeling, saturation, elaboration and expansion, play

What are the three core principles of psycholinguistic syntactic theory?

1. Language is innate and developed through interactions in the world

2. Language is rule governed

3. A sentence is compromised of a noun and a verb

How do the three core principles of psycholinguistic syntactic theory influence clinical practice?

1. Viewing noun and verbs as foundational

2. Building multiword utterances (1→2, 2→ 3)

What is Sociolinguistic/ social pragmatics?

we communicate to establish and maintain relationships and all behavior has a meaning

What are the stages of intentionality?

Perlocutionary: 0-8mo - adult assigns meaning to pointing or reflexive behavior

Illocutionary: 8-12mo - gesturing

Locutionary: 12mo+ - words develop

What are the methods to sociolinguistic/social pragmatic?

1. Conversational partners

2. Expected wait

3. Scaffolding - adding more info to what was said

4. Elaboration and expansion

5. Discourse: reciprocity - turn taking

6. Linguistically coding behaviors - give language to pointing

What is information processing?

we're focused on the ability to process information, not focused on semantic, morphological, or syntactic knowledge.

Explain speed and complexity of messages

the faster speed, the harder it is to process

Explain storage and retrieval of messages

the deeper info is stored the easier it is to retrieve

What executive functions are used during information processing

short-term, working and long-term memory, attention

What are the methods to information processing?

1. Control extrinsic variables to enhance message delivery (eliminate distractions)

2. Provide compensatory strategies to manage extrinsic and intrinsic variables (taking notes when you hear something)

3. Build executive functioning skills (problem-solving, self-awareness)

What is evidence based practice? (EBP)

An approach in which current, high-quality research evidence is integrated with SLP expertise and client preferences and values into the process of making clinical decision decisions.

What three concepts are included in EBP

1. Clinical perspective

2. Clinical expertise

3. External and internal evidence

EBP is a process through which progress can be monitored to determine if ____

The course of action is effective

EBP is a method for ____ to treatment

Modifications

EBP is a way to ___, ___, and provide the ____ for treatment provided

discuss, write; rational

How does EBP relate to the ideas Learned in chapters 1-3

we are accountable for client welfare

What are the components of PICO

1. Patient: what are the character characteristics or condition of the group?

2. Intervention: what is the screening assessment treatment or delivery model?

3. Comparisons: what is the main alternative to the intervention?

4. Outcomes: what do you want to accomplish, measure or improve?