Ch 13: Social Reforms

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What religious group did many reformers belong to?

Quakers.

Who was Susan B. Anthony and what did she fight for?

She was a Quaker abolitionist who fought for equal pay for women, college training, and co-education.

Define the word Co-education.

Teaching males and females together.

What state on the Western frontier was the 1st to grant partial women suffrage and when?

Wyoming in 1890.

Why is Mary Lyon important?

She raised funds to open a women's college and established Mt. Holyoke Female Seminary.

What did the new state of CA allow women to do?

The new state of California recognized the right for married women to own property.

What was Elizabeth Blackwell famous for being?

The first female doctor in the United States.

What did many women like Mott & Stanton fight for before Women's rights?

Abolitionism.

Who were Lucretia Mott & Elizabeth Cady Stanton?

They were abolitionists working for women's rights.

What did Elizabeth Stanton & Lucretia Mott organize, when was it, & where?

They organized the First Women's Rights Convention in July 19-20, 1848 in Seneca Falls, NY.

What did the Seneca Falls Convention create?

The Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions.

What did the Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions demand that women be allowed?

It demanded women's suffrage and:

-end laws that discriminated against women

-enter the male world of trades, businesses, and professions

-women wanted to keep their own income

What was the most controversial issue in the Declaration and define it?

Women's Suffrage - the right for women to vote.

Which woman was adamant that women's suffrage be included?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton.

What was the Declaration of Sentiments & Resolutions modeled after?

The Declaration of Independence.

What were the 2 words added to the 1st part of the Declaration of Independence?

“And women”

What laws specifically did the declaration want to end?

Laws denying voting rights for women and laws making all property and income go to the husband after marriage + unable to own profitable occupations

Define the word reform?

To change something for the better.

What was the Second Great Awakening & when?

A wave of religious interest from 1795 to 1835.

What effect did revivals during the Second Great Awakening have on men & women?

They made men and women eager to reform their lives and engage in social reform movements.

-some became involved in missionary work

What does temperance mean?

Drinking little to no alcohol.

What did the Temperance Movement warn people about?

The dangers of consuming alcohol because it was a great sin destroying america

What 2 groups faced barriers to education?

Girls and African Americans.

What is Horace Mann known for?

Lawyer known for founding the first state-supported normal school in 1839, Mass.

What did Horace Mann believe education was the key to?

Wealth and economic opportunity.

What is a normal school?

A school for training high school graduates to become teachers.

Explain the significance of Oberlin College of Ohio.

It was significant for admitting both women and African Americans.

Who was Thomas Gallaudet and what did he do?

He was a reformer who developed a method to teach the deaf.

-opened the hartford school for the deaf in connecticut in 1817

Who was Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe and what did he do?

He was a reformer who helped the blind in education using books using braille and led the Perkins Institute for the blind in Boston.

Who was Dorothea Dix?

A schoolteacher and reformer known for her work with the mentally ill.

What 2 reforms did Dix work hard for and what did she do?

She worked for reform of the mentally ill and prisons conditions by visiting hospitals and writing reports.

-visited mass. mental hospitals, wrote a report, and state legislature funded new mental hospital

-fought for better conditions for the prisoners by working w states

What is the significance of the year 1920 in the context of women's rights?

It is the year the 19th amendment was ratified, granting women suffrage.

What was the primary document that came out of the Seneca Falls Convention?

The Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions

Who was the first female doctor in the US?

Elizabeth Blackwell.

What was the main goal of the temperance movement?

To reduce or eliminate the consumption of alcohol.

What is the significance of Mt. Holyoke Female Seminary?

One of the first women's colleges in the US.

Who is known for developing teaching methods for the deaf?

Thomas Gallaudet.

What role did Quakers play in the women's reform movements?

They were key supporters and activists for abolition and women's rights.

Which movement did many women advocate for along with suffrage in the 1800s?

The abolitionist movement.

What did the Declaration of Sentiments highlight as a major issue for women?

The lack of voting rights for women

Who were some of the leading activists in the women's suffrage movement?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott.

Who was known for opening the first school for the blind?

Dr. Samuel Gridley Howe.

What was a reform movement that began to gain support in the early 1800s?

The Temperance Movement.

What did Elizabeth Cady Stanton focus on in her activism?

Women's rights and social reform.

What was described as a sin during the temperance movement?

Consuming alcohol.

What were some educational barriers faced by African Americans and women during this time?

They were often denied access to schools and higher education.

What is the significance of the year 1890 in women's suffrage history?

It is the year Wyoming granted partial women suffrage.

Why did African Americans not want to leave the U.S? (Colonization plan)

They were born there.

Define Quakers

A religious group that believed in equality and led the anti-slavery movement.

Who were the Grimké Sisters?

Early advocates from the deep south & best known for abolitionism and women's rights; they freed their family’s slaves to demonstrate their commitment to the cause.

Who was Frederick Douglass?

Best known African American abolitionist who was a member of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society and founded the newspaper The North Star.

-also traveled and gave speeches against slavery

Who was Sojourner Truth?

An ex-slave African American abolitionist and women's rights reformer who was born Isabella Baumfree.

-gave speeches ex.) “aint i a woman?”

Who was William Lloyd Garrison?

A prominent white abolitionist known for his uncompromising stance against slavery and the founder of the anti-slavery newspaper, The Liberator.

What is the American Colonization Society?

An organization that aimed to send some free African Americans to Liberia, Africa to start new lives.

What did Elizabeth Cady Stanton say about education?

Education is the key

Who started the Liberator Newspaper?

William Lloyd Garrison

when did the North end slavery?

early 1800’s

what led to an increase in slavery?

cotton gin

what does the cotton kingdom do?

institutionalizes slavery in the south