Carbon Chains

alkane

- nonpolar (C-C, C-H)

- does not hold H-bond

C - C (single bonded)

alkene

- nonpolar (C-C, C-H)

- does not hold H-bond

C = C (double bonded)

alkyne

- nonpolar (C-C, C-H)

- does not hold H-bond

C (triple bonded) C

amine

- introduces polar bonds (C-X, C-N, C-O)

- dipole-dipole or H-bonding interactions

C - NH_2

alcohol

- introduces polar bonds (C-X, C-N, C-O)

- dipole-dipole or H-bonding interactions

C - OH ; applies to those ending in "ol"

ether

- introduces polar bonds (C-X, C-N, C-O)

- dipole-dipole or H-bonding interactions

C - O - C

aldehyde

- polar bonds (C-O, C=O, O-H, C-N, N-H)

- can participate in H-bonds with water or alcohols

H - C = O (terminal group)

ketone

- polar bonds (C-O, C=O, O-H, C-N, N-H)

- can participate in H-bonds with water or alcohols

C = O (non-hydrogen)

carboxylic acid

- polar bonds (C-O, C=O, O-H, C-N, N-H)

- can participate in H-bonds with water or alcohols

OH - C = O (NOT alcohol; stronger H_2 bond)

ester

- polar bonds (C-O, C=O, O-H, C-N, N-H)

- can participate in H-bonds with water or alcohols

O - C = O (multiple O)

amide

- polar bonds (C-O, C=O, O-H, C-N, N-H)

- can participate in H-bonds with water or alcohols

NH_2 - C = O (w/ double to O)