Foundations of Education, PE, and Health Review

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers historical and philosophical foundations of education, motor learning, sociology, anatomy, exercise physiology, sports rules, and health principles based on the lecture transcript.

Historical Foundations

The foundation of education that shows the chronological development of the curriculum, typically illustrated using a timeline.

Spartan Education

A historical educational system that focused on the training of soldier-citizens and the art of war.

Monasticism

A religious way of life where people step away from ordinary society to focus entirely on spiritual growth, prayer, and self-discipline.

Education Decree 1863

A law enacted by Spain on December 20, 1863, to reform the public school system in the Philippines.

Thomasites

The first American teacher recruits tasked with helping establish a public educational system in the Philippines.

Epistemology

The area of philosophy that deals with the nature of knowledge and the best methods of teaching.

Pragmatism

A philosophy that emphasizes teaching students skills to adapt to change, based on the belief that change is the only permanent thing in the world.

Formal Education

Structured learning occurring in institutions like schools with a set curriculum.

Informal Education

Unstructured learning that occurs through daily experiences.

Intrinsic Motivation

Motivation driven by internal rewards such as enjoyment, mastery, or personal satisfaction.

Pygmalion Effect

The phenomenon where higher expectations from a teacher or coach can raise a learner's performance.

SMART Goals

An acronym for goals that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-based.

Cognitive Stage

The beginner stage of motor learning where the learner relies heavily on demonstration and verbal guidance while making many errors.

Autonomous Stage

The final stage of motor learning where the skill is automatic, requiring little conscious attention from the performer.

Closed Skills

Movement skills performed in stable and predictable environments, such as a gymnastics routine or a free throw.

Knowledge of Results (KR)

Extrinsic feedback regarding the outcome of a movement, such as stating a score or count.

Sociology of Sports

The study of sport as a social institution and how it mutually influences society, examining roles, norms, and power relations.

Hidden Curriculum

The unspoken norms, values, and expectations transmitted through everyday school routines.

Cultural Capital

The knowledge, skills, language styles, and habits that help individuals succeed in educational and social institutions.

Gross Anatomy

The study of human structures that can be seen without the use of a microscope, often involving Cadaver dissection.

Cytology

A division of microscopic anatomy focused on the study of the internal structure of individual cells.

Homeostasis

The existence of a stable internal environment vital for an organism's survival.

Cardiac Output (Q)

The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute, calculated as Heart Rate $\times$ Stroke Volume.

VO2 Max

The maximum rate of oxygen the body can consume and use during intense exercise.

FITT Principle

The basis of exercise prescription consisting of Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type.

Locomotor Movement

Body movements that involve traveling from one place to another, such as running or skipping.

Agility

The ability to change direction quickly and efficiently.

Kitchen (Pickleball)

The common name for the non-volley zone near the net where players are not allowed to volley the ball.

Wellness

A state of functioning at one's best potential physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially.

Drug Misuse

The improper use of legal drugs.

Quackery

The promotion of false or unproven medical treatments for profit.

DRSABCD

The first aid action plan sequence representing Danger, Response, Send for help, Airway, Breathing, CPR, and Defibrillation.

Hazard

Any source or condition with the potential to cause injury, illness, or property damage.

NDRRMC

The National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, the lead agency for coordinating disaster efforts in the Philippines.