HPRS 1201 INTRO TO HEALTH PROFESSIONS STUDY GUIDE

Banting & Best

Discovered insulin, impacting diabetic treatment

Dogomagk

Discovered sulfa drugs

Fleming

Discover penicillin

Freud

Practice of psychiatry

Galen

Greek physician, believed the humoral theory and wrote numerous books, stopping medical progress

Hippocrates

Father of medicine. Believed that the body has the ability to heal itself, created Hippocratic Oath

Jenner

Discovered smallpox vaccine

Koch

Identified tuberculosis bacillus launches the science of bacteriology

Lewenhoek

Created microscope and was able to view bacteria

Lister

Develop antiseptic that reduced # of death in surgery

Pasteur

Proved germ theory

Pavlov

Performed studies involving the psychology of learning and mental disorders

Roentgen

Discovered xrays

Salk

Develop the Salk vaccine for polio

How did the diseases in civilized cultures differ from diseases of primitive cultures?

herpes virus primaitire cultures consisted of hunters & gathers who mover from place to place. civilzed culture produced own food did not need to move around. problems arose , cholera measies

Name the only disease known to have been eradicated worldwide. What role did this disease play in history?

small pox allowed from European colonies to be establish

What were the top 3 causes of death in the U.S. in the year 2013?

heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory diseases

List the 4 factors that must be present for a disease to be transmitted.

the disease must be present 2 the pathogenic organism must be to cause disease3 must have portarenty 4 must

What are the 4 modes of transmission?

contact, droplet, airborne, common venicle

How can you protect yourself from disease transmission?

wear protected, get vaccinated, wash hands

List some safety precautions in the medical environment (from the Bloodborne Pathogens video)

safe injection clean disinfect objects property treat blood & body fluid as if they were infected

What is the main cause of heart disease and stroke?

diet saturated fats diabetes, high blood pressure strokes death

What are the signs and symptoms of a heart attack (myocardial infarction, MI)?

perbtant crubbing down center of chest that relate to neck ,structure , arm , back . indigestion /heart burn shortness of breath fatigue

What are the signs and symptoms of someone having a stroke?

weakness paralysis on one side of body number blurred vision slurred speech memories

Describe the 2 types of stroke. Which is the most common?

ischemic stroke , cause by blood clot, hemorrhagic stroke cause by rupture of blood vessels.

Name the causes of cancer.

Radiation, sunlight , tobacco, certain viruses HPV CERVICAL CANCER

What is the leading type of cancer death in men? In women?

lung cancer

Name 3 diseases considered to be CLRD.

use to be cause cop asthma , chronic bronchitis emphysema

What is emphysema? What are some common findings in a patient with emphysema?

loss of electricity in alveoli resulting in air being trapped in lungs. barrel chest appearance chest xray reveal flattened diaphragm arterial blood gases show low levels of oxygen

What is hepatitis? What are the 4 main types? Can hepatitis be cured? Are vaccines available?

virus that cause inflammation of the liver. hepatitis A,B,C,D A, NO treatment b no cure vaccine admin in 3 injection C no cure , no vaccine

What is a CVA? What is a TIA?

CVA Cerebrovascular accident or stroke

TIV Transient ischemic stroke

What are the risk factors for contracting hepatitis B?

liver damage, cirrhosis & liver cancer

How long does it usually take for a person exposed to HIV to seroconvert?

3 months o enopsure

How is HIV transmitted? Can it be transmitted during the asymptomatic stage?

sexual contact , IV drugs , blood transfertion

What is AIDS? What are the opportunistic diseases associated with AIDS?

terminal stage of HIV.

What is the purpose of an exposure control plan?

worker who are exposed to a blood born disease may have to take time off work to cope with illness or loss

What should be done if a healthcare professional suffers an accidental needle stick?

report it

Which diseases are considered incurable?

herpes simplex 1 &2

How is TB transmitted?

thought the air when an infected person coughs, sneezing, talks & sings

What does a positive tuberculin skin test mean? How often does a healthcare worker usually need a skin test for TB?

you have been exposed sputum analysis not receiving adequate amounts of medication or failing to complete entire medication remain

What is a nosocomial infection?

a hospital acquired infection

What is MRSA? Which drugs are the bacteria most often resistant to?

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus. methicillin, amoxicillin & penicillin

What is herpes simplex? Which areas of the body are often affected?

viral infection causing blister like tesions , lips,mouth, face

What type of infectious agent causes Ebola?

infection animal fruit bat alies & monkeys blood body fluids, objects , needles

How is Ebola transmitted? What are the signs and symptoms?

person to person . symptom, fever, severe headache, muscle pain, unexplained bleeding, diarrhea, vomiting , fatigue weakness, stomach pain

What type of infectious agent causes Zika?

mosquitos

How is Zika transmitted?

mosquito bites, mother to child , sexual contact, blood transfusion

What is the biggest known risk of Zika at this time?

birth defect, micocephaly

How does the U.S. rank in overall healthcare performance? In technological advances?

37th

Approximately how many people are without medical insurance in the U.S.?

43 million

What are the benefits of healthcare in Canada? What are the drawbacks?

pay less for meds, pay less for non medical service take care of everything birth to death . everyone is covered. draw backs non emergency surgeries will require wait times

What are the benefits of healthcare in the U.S.? What are the drawbacks?

keep record , high technology, competitive drawback, the cost of healthcare