apush period 3

Salutary Neglect

G.B. did not enforce laws for colonies, so they became mostly self-governing

Pontiac’s Rebellion

natives rebelling against colonist

Proclamation of 1763

britain wanted to stabilize western frontier so they prohibited colonists from settling west of appalachains, but colonists ignored it

Albany Plan of Union

purpose: coordinating colonial defense against british, never really took affect but set precedent for later congresses

Sugar Act

Purpose: Raise money to pay war debt, Actually reduced tax on sugar, But required stricter enforcement of tax laws

Stamp Act

Purpose: Raise money to pay war debt, actually raised taxes on paper goods

Townshend Acts

Tax on a variety of goods to raise money to pay royal officials (who used to be paid by colonial assemblies). Authority to search private homes for smuggled goods. led to another boycott

Boston Massacre

Troops in Boston to protect customs officials. 5 colonists killed.Used as propaganda by patriots.Soldiers defended by John Adams

Tea Act

Tax put on tea (made it cheaper) was used to integrate the colonies to tax

Boston Tea Party:

colonist response to the tea act: Dumped tea in the boston harbor

Coercive/Intolerable Acts

-The Port Act: The colonists prohibited themselves in trade with Britain.

The Massachusetts Acts:

reduced power of the Massachusetts legislature, giving the royal governor to appoint official, restrict town meetings and take control of judiciary.

Quebec Act

expanded the territory of the Province of Quebec southward to the Ohio River and recognized Roman Catholicism and French civil law

First Continental Congress

colonist responding to Britain's threats on their liberties, all were wealthy white men, they voted on the parts of British policy they wanted to change

Second Continental Congress

division between the congress about declaring independence. as a result, they made an army

Olive Branch Petition

the colonist pledging their loyalty, and asking parliament to continue looking out for them.

Common Sense

a persuasive argument for American independence from Great Britain

Lexington and Concord

major british losses, and major us wins, which starts the winning paths of the us and the losing paths of the british

Saratoga

First major american win, winning this, helped to pursue France to join the battle.

Yorktown

last major battle, america wins, the french supported them

Northwest Ordinance

westward expansion

Shays’ Rebellion

rebelled against taxes and debt.people stopped paying taxes.

VA Plan-

a system of checks and balances to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

NJ Plan-

a government with equal state representation in a unicameral legislature

Connecticut Compromise-

house of reps is based on population, while senate is a set amount

Federalism-

a system of government where power is divided between a national government and regional governments, like states

Separation of Powers-

division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful

Checks and balances-

each branch of government has the power to limit or check the powers of the other branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful

3/5ths Compromise:

3 out of 5 slaves would count toward the population-affects the # of representatives

Federalist Papers-

essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to persuade New York citizens to ratify the proposed U.S. Constitution

Bill of Rights-

guarantees the right of freedom from establishment of religion, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of association, freedom for people to get together peacefully, and freedom for people to send petitions to their government.

Jay Treaty

In foreign policy, Federalists sought friendly relations with Great Britain to protect American trade interests and maintain stability.

Pinckney Treaty-

dispute and secured crucial navigation rights for Americans

Battle of Fallen Timbers → Treaty of Greenville-

a decisive U.S. military victory over Native American confederacies.

Judiciary Act of 1789-

established the structure of the federal judiciary, creating a system of district and circuit courts and setting the Supreme Court's size and powers

Hamilton’s Economic Plan-

federal government assuming state debts from the Revolutionary War, establishing the Bank of the United States, and supporting American industry through tariffs

Whiskey Rebellion

Colonist reaction to tax on whiskey by the US gov-> washington responded harshly to set the precedent it wasn't okay

Washington’s Farewell Address-

warns against involvement in European affairs, Not to form permanent alliances in foreign affairs, Not to form political parties, Not to devolve into sectionalism

Alien and Sedition Acts-

a series of laws to suppress political opposition during a time of tension with France

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions-

political statements written in by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts

XYZ Affair:

France harassing American ships, which angered Americans so, Adams sent diplomats to resolve the issues in France and three officials demanded a bribe from Americans. Americans didn’t do that and viewed France as an opposition

King George III-

king during rev war

John Dickinson-

securing equal representation for each state in the Senate and proportional representation in the House of Representatives

Benjamin Franklin-

securing the French alliance during the Revolution, drafting the Constitution, and signing the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Paine-

wrote common sense

John Adams-

2nd pres, and vice pres of Washington

Samuel Adams-

organized rebellions like the stamp act, and boston tea party

John Jay-

helped negotiate the Treaty of Paris

James Madison-

drafted the bill of rights and constitution

Thomas Jefferson-

drafted the declaration of independence

Alexander Hamilton-

fought in rev war, and drafted the constitution

George Washington-

1 pres, and leader of the rev war troops.