U.S. History WW2

WW2 Start/End

Sept 1st 1939-Sept 2nd 1945, US was involved in 1941

Germany was at a low point so they appointed

Hitler to be in charge

The Soviet Union (Russia)

Lenin Dies and Joseph Takes over

Stalin wanted to create a model communist state in soviet union

Stalin’s Goals

Collectivization of aquaculture. This meant all farmers were combined to make large state-owned farms.

“5 year plan” - state-owned industry. By 1939, = soviet Union was the 3rd largest industrial power.

The Great Purge

Government officials, armed officers, and bureaucrats that were labeled “enemies of the people” were executed.

“enemies of the people” - the press

“Fake news”

Death tolls are wide, but most historians put the numbers at 8-12 million people killed by the soviet union.

The leader Stalin killed them for speaking out against him.

The Three Fascits

Germany- Hitler

Japan- Tojo

Italy- Mussolini

Benito Mussolini

Leader of Italy, his nickname was Il Duce, which meant “the Chief”

Adolf Hitler

Hitler became the party’s Führer

Hitler became chancellor in January of 1933. He established the Third Reich—Left League of Nations.

Third Reich, “third mighty German empire”

Mein Kampf

Both volumes written in the early 1920s. They outline Nazi party beliefs. Rudolf Hess..

1) Nationalism- unite the German-speaking people into one empire. Wanted Germans that were “Aryans” to form a “Master Race”

2)Expansionism- Give the German people the land that they were “entitled to”

All while Hitler was serving his prison term

Japan

Militarists gaining more and more control. They were led by a man named Hideki Tojo. He eventually takes power in 1941.

Germany and Italy signed the —————- Pact

Rome-Berlin Axis Pact

In _______ Italy invaded Ethiopia and had complete control by _________

1935, June of 1936

Neutrality Acts

outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war, and nations that were undergoing Civil Wars. Changed to Cash and Carry policy in 1939

In the Fall of _____ F.D.R. gave his ______ Speech

1937, “Quarantine”

Adolf Hitler was born in

April of 1889

Hitler had Gestapo which were his

own personal police

_____ type was at some point a good thing

Swastika

On _______ Hitler broke into a local government meeting in a large beer hall in Munich. Outside were 600 SS troops. Hitler forced three of the local officals to promise to support the nazis

November 8, 1923, this was poorly planned and quickly crushed, he received 5 years in prison for treason.

Hitler takes over in

1933

In Sept ____ ______ Laws passed presents _____

1935, Nuremberg Laws passed, four year planned presented

First place Hitler takes over

Austria because that is where he’s from

The Munich Pact

If Hitler was given Czechoslovakia, he promised to stop trying to take other countries. Hitler eventually breaks this pact.

Winston Churchill

Prime Minister of United Kingdom 1940-1945 and 1951-1955

Winston Churchill was not happy with this policy of _________

appeasement- making concessions to an aggressive foreign power in order to avoid war.

On August _____ Germany and the Soviet Union

1939, signed a non-aggression pact. They agreed not to fight one another.

1939 ______ attacks Poland

Germany, this action led to WWII as Germany used lightning war tactics such as Blitzkrieg

The Maginot Line

This was a fortified line on France’s eastern border

_____ entered the war in May of _____

Italy, 1940, They attack France from the south. by June 17th, 1940, France is done

Sept of _____ these countries become known as the Axis Powers

1940, Japan, Germany, Italy, JGI

Anti Semitism is

Anti Jewish

Genocide is

killing of a race

The Holocaust killed

6 to 12 million people across Europe

Jews were used as_______ for many of Germany’s problems

Scape goats

1935 nuremberg laws =

took away Jews' civil rights and property. Star of David to be worn by any jew over 6 years old

Many Jews fled Germany. 60,000 to the United States. Who was the most famous?

Albert Einstein

16 million registered and 1 million drafted.

In 1940, the U.S. passed the first peacetime draft.

August 1941- Churchill and F.D.R. met to

establish the Atlantic Charter, which became the basis for the U.N.

Japanese plan to attack Pearl Harbor

December 7th, 1941, U.S. aftermath: 2,407 people died

“Yesterday, December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy…”-

President Franklin Roosevelt

What General was forced to surrender to the Japanese?

MacArthur, Nearly 70,000 Filipinos and Americans had to surrender

This was the largest American army/ that has been forced to surrender

Death March 80 miles

8,000 troops died

The Selective Service system drafted

10 million individuals. The nickname for the new troops was GIs

Women were allowed to serve in the

Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC). Over 250,000 women served

GI-

Government Issued

OPA-

Office of Prince Admin.- Froze prices on many goods. Income taxes were raised, and people were encouraged to buy war bonds.

WPB-

War Productions Board- Decided which companies would change to wartime production. Also, set up a rationing system for sugar, meats, coffee, fuel, rubber, etc

Rosie the..

Riveter

“The Four Freedoms” -

Norman Rockwell

#1 priority was to

Defeat Germany

Unconditional surrender of the Axis powers

“Operation Overlord”-

they were going to focus strike on the peninsula of Normandy

The attack was (known as D-Day) Began on June 6th, 1944

Omaha beach was one of the most famous sites.

The Germans were led by General

Erwin Rommel (the Desert Fox)

Allied commanders felt that European Assault needed

to be in “the soft underbelly” of the axis powers (Italy)

The Battle of The Bulge

This was Germany’s last stand

Yalta “Big Three”

- Feb.1945 Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin (picture will be on test)

“I Shall Return” -

Douglas MacArthur

American Forces Used ___________ going island by island and defeated them

“Leap Frogging”

_________ attacks suicide missions used

Kamikaze

Iwo Jima

important for possible U.S. raids on Japan

F.D.R dies in Warm Springs, Georgia. Truman takes over

April 12, 1945

The last battle of WW2

Battle of Okinawa

The fierceness of Japanese fighting showed

what the invasion of mainland Japan would be like

The Manhattan Project by

Robert Oppenheimer in Los Alamos, New Mexico

In 1945 the first

nuclear bomb tested (Alamorgado, New Mexico)

The ________ plane led by

Enola Gay led by Colonel Paul Tibbets

Name of bomb dropped on Hiroshima

Little Boy

Another bomb was dropped on Southern Japan-

Fat Man on Nagasaki

offical surrender papers signed aboard the U.S.S. Missouri in Tokyo Bay

September 2, 1945

The first trials were of the most powerful individuals within the Nazi party.

Nuremberg War Trials

Japan occupied by the ______

U.S. for about 6 years

Douglas MacArthur

commanded the occupation force (US against Japan)

Approximate deaths for the United States

418,000

Approximate deaths for Poland

6.1 million 17.2% of its population

TOTAL WW2 DEATHS

approximately 52 million people.