Lab #2 Heart

Parts of notes

what are the two layers of the pericardium layer?

 fibrous and serous pericardium

what are the two layers of the serous pericardium?

parietal layer and visceral layer

what’s the name of the cavity in between the parietal layer and visceral layer?

the cavity between the parietal layer and visceral layer is called the pericardial cavity. this space contains pericardial fluid, which reduces friction between the heart and pericardium during heartbeats.

what is the epicardium layer also known as?

the visceral layer of the serous pericardium

myocardium layer tissue type?

the myocardium is composed of cardiac muscle tissue, which is specialized for contraction and responsible for the heart's pumping action.

muscle appearance/texture?

striated

number of nuclei per cell?

1-2 central nuclei

nervous system control type?

autonomic (involuntary)

sympathetic effect on heart rate?

increase heart rate (heart rate goes up)

parasympathetic effect on heart rate?

decreases heart rate (heart rate goes down)

what is the inner most layer of the heart wall?

endocardium

why is the endocardium layer slippery?

to decrease friction

what are the two superior atria receiving chambers of the heart?

right atrium and left atrium

right atrium

receives blood from the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava and the coronary sinus 

what do the two ventricles do?

the pumps of the heart

what are heart valves for?

heart valves insure unidirectional blood flow through the heart 

what are the names of the AV valves

bicuspid and tricuspid

where is the bicuspid located

in between the left atrium and ventricle

where is the tricuspid located?

in between the right atrium and ventricle

what connects to the valves?

chordae tendineae

SL heart valves (semilunar valve) what does it do?

they prevent blood from flowing from arteries into ventricles

where does the SA node (pacemaker) travel across?

the atrium

after the atrium where does it go?

to the AV node, pauses so the atrium and ventricles dont contract at the same time

where do AV nodes travel to?

travel down the AV bundle into the right and left bundle branches and then up the ventricular walls to the purulent fibers