Catalytic Hydrogenation of an Alkene Study Guide

Flashcards covering key concepts, definitions, and procedures from the lecture on the catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes.

Hydrogenation

The chemical reaction involving the addition of hydrogen to an alkene to convert it into an alkane.

Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed, often used to lower activation energy.

Saturated

A term describing organic compounds that contain only single bonds, indicating maximum hydrogen saturation.

Unsaturated

Organic compounds containing one or more double or triple bonds, thus having fewer hydrogen atoms than saturated compounds.

Syn Addition

A mechanism in which two substituents are added to the same side of a double bond.

NaBH4

Sodium borohydride, a common reducing agent used in hydrogenation reactions.

Exothermic Process

A reaction that releases energy, often in the form of heat.

Filtration

The process of separating solids from liquids by passing the mixture through a barrier that allows only the liquid to pass.

Decolorizing carbon

Activated carbon used to remove color from solutions, typically by adsorption.

Bromine Test

A qualitative test for unsaturation in compounds that leads to decolorization of bromine solution.

Permanganate Test

A test that uses potassium permanganate to detect double bonds in organic compounds, resulting in a color change.

Extraction

A separation process that involves selectively transferring a solute from one phase to another.

Recrystallization

A purification technique that involves dissolving a solid substance in a suitable solvent and then slowly crystallizing it out.

Equilibrium

A state in a chemical reaction where the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.

Activation energy

The minimum amount of energy required to initiate a chemical reaction.

Cyclohexane-cis-1,2-dicarboxylic acid

The product of the hydrogenation of 4-cyclohexene-cis-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.

Safety Alert

Warnings regarding precautions necessary to avoid hazards in a laboratory setting.

Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

A strong acid used in various chemical reactions, including hydrogenation; it can affect solubility.