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bell stage
at what stage does innervation begin
dental pulp
unmineralized oral tissue that occupies central pupl cavity
connective tissue proper, blood and lymph, nerve fibers (sensory and motor)
components of dental pulp
4x
how much larger are the pulp cavities of molar teeth than incisors
apical foramen
the opening at the apex of a tooth root that allows nerves and blood vessels to enter the pulp cavity
cap stage
at what stage does vascularization begin
ectomesenchymal cells
developing pulp cells from NCC that are star shaped, gives viscous gel consistency
sensory
majority of neuron of pulp are what kind of neuron
NCC derived ectomesenchyme
what is dental papilla derived from
dental papilla
what structure is dental pulp derived from
proangiogenic factors
factors that promote blood vessel formation
vascular endothelial growth factor
attracts and stimulates growth of vascular endothelial cells to grow into blood vessel complex or plexus in papilla
neurotrophins
factors that attract sensory axons to innervate papilla
nerve growth factor (NGF)
neurotrophin factor secreted by odontoblasts and pre-ameloblasts
loose connective tissue
what is the pulp equivalent to
crown pulp is gelatinous, root pulp is fibrous
difference between crown and root pulp
higher capacity for regeneration in children
how does the dental pulps ability to regenerate differ between children and adults
closes
what happens to apical foramen during occlusion
open apical foramen
what provides better circulation and healing to teeth
loose connective tissue, type I collagen, elastic fibers, gelatinous ground substance
key components of the dental pulp's extracellular matrix, providing structural support and elasticity.
GAGs (glycosaminoglycans)
play a crucial role in maintaining hydration and providing a gel-like consistency to the extracellular matrix in the dental pulp
loose CT and GAGs
play important role in diffusion of oxygen and nutrients into pulp
loose CT
plays role in diffusion of CO2 and metabolic waste back to vessels
pulp recession
refers to the gradual loss of pulp tissue, caused by additional dentin deposition
water (75-80%)
makes up majority of pulp by volume
continuation of pulp cavity the root canal
what allows the spread of inflammation to or from surrounding periodontium
radicular pulp
the portion of the dental pulp located in the root of the tooth, extends from tooth cervix
cementoenamel junction
location at which coronal pulp becomes radicular pulp
ectomesenchymal cells
identify A
fibroblasts
Identify B
stellate morphology
refers to the star-shaped appearance of certain cells, particularly in the dental pulp, indicating their involvement in the extracellular matrix and cellular communication.
macrophages and lymphocytes
required for rmaintenance and defense of dental papilla
ectomesenchymal cells, fibroblast, macrophage
main components of dental papilla
fibrous matrix
collagen fibers, Types I and III, present in an unbundled and randomly dispersed fashion, higher in density around blood vessels and nerves
odontoblasts and pulp fibroblasts
what secretes the type I and III collagen that composes the fibrous matrix in dental papilla
pulp fibroblasts
most abundant cells in pulp
ground substance
The environment that surrounds both cells and fibers of the pulp is rich in proteoglycans, glycoproteins and large amounts of water.
hoehl cells
Specialized cells in dental pulp that play a role in its architecture and function, replace odontoblasts, differentiate into odontoblasts cells when odontoblasts die
dental pulp stem cells
undifferentiated mesenchymal cells within pulp that replace fibroblasts and odontoblast when cells are damaged or go through senescence
proteoglycans
form gels that fill most of extracellular space, contribute to high fluid pressure and compartmentalization
chondroitin sulphate
most abundant GAG in body, binds proteins to form proteoglycan aggregates
dermatan sulphate
a glycosaminoglycan found in skin, blood vessels, and heart valves, involved in cell signaling and tissue hydration.
hyaluronic acid
helps bind water to network
fibronectin
helps cells adhere to collagen fibers
laminin
hels neuron growth and adhere to nerve fibers in pulp
odontoblasts, fibroblasts, adult tissue stem cells
resident pulp cells
dendritic cells, lymphocytes, macrophages
immigrant pulp cells
odontoblast layer
layer of pulp composed of dentin, predentin and odontoblasts
capillaries, nerve fibers, dendritic cells
features and cells associated with odontogenic layer
odontogenic, cell free, cell rich, pulp core
4 distinct zones of pulp
cell free zone
layer below odontogenic layer, contains bundels of Korff fibers
korff fibers
bundles of collagen fibers found in the dental pulp, pass from central pulp across cell free zone and between odontoblast
cell rich zone
layer beneath cell rich zone that contains numerous fibroblasts and blood vessels, contributing to the pulp's vitality and response to injury.
pulp core
layer medial to cell rich zone, contains subodontoblastic nerve plexus
odontoblasts
Identify A
pulp (coronal)
Identify B
sensory innervation
type of innervation in which afferent axons carry sensory information from pulp to trigeminal nerve
sympathetic innervation
type of innervation in which axons innervate blood vessels
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