Phase 1

function of spinothalamic tract

sharp pain, temperature, crude touch

function of dorsal columns tract

fine touch, proprioception, 2 point discrimination

function of spinoreticular tract

levels of consciousness of deep and chronic pain

function of ventral and dorsal spinocerebellar tract

sensory of movement and position, touch, and pressure, golgi tendons, muscle spindles

function of spino-olivary tract

conveys info to cerebellum from proprioceptive organs

function of anterior corticospinal tract

gross postural

function of lateral corticospinal tract

fine motor control

rubrospinal tract function

facillitates flexors and inhibits extensors, motor control

function of vestibulospinal tract

postural reflexes, facilitates extensors and inhibits flexors to maintain balance, motor control

function of reticulospinal tract

modulate spinal reflexes

function of tectospinal tract

spinovisual reflex, heads and eyes turning toward stimulus

function of solitariospinal tract

respiration modulation

Function of raphespinal

Modified transmission of sensation and pain

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

dorsal column tract

ascending (sensory)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

spinothalamic tract

ascending (sensory)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

spinoreticular tract

ascending (sensory)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

dorsal spinocerebellar tract

ascending (sensory)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

ventral spinocerebellar tract

ascending (sensory)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

spino-olivary tract

ascending (sensory)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

lateral corticospinal tract

descending (motor)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

anterior corticospinal tract

descending (motor)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

reticulospinal tract

descending (motor)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

vestibulospinal tract

descending (motor)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

rubrospinal tract

descending (motor)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

tectospinal tract

descending (motor)

Name tract

Ascending or descending?

raphespinal tract

descending (motor)

Name light blue area

fasciculus cuneatus

Name purple area

fasciculus gracilis

name dark green color

lateral corticospinal tract

name light green color

anterior corticospinal tract

name yellow color

spinothalamic tract

name pink color

spinocerebellar tract

name highlighted area

sympathetic neurons in lateral horns of thoracic region

name highlighted area

parasympathetic neurons in brainstem and sacral cord

what number(s) denote an area of parasympathetic innervation

1, 3

what number(s) denote an area of sympathetic innervation

2

biceps tendon reflex nerve root

C5

brachioradialis reflex nerve root

C6

triceps reflex nerve root

C7

patellar reflex nerve root

L4

hamstring reflex nerve root

L5

achilles reflex nerve root

S1

C5 myotome

deltoid - shoulder abduction

C6 myotome

ext carp radialis and ulnaris - wrist extension

biceps - elbow flexion

C7 myotome

triceps - elbow extension

flex carpi radialis and ulnaris - wrist flexion

extensor muscles - wrist extension

C8 myotome

flexor digitorum - finger flexion

T1 myotome

finger abductors and adductors

L1 myotome

hip flexion

L2 myotome

hip flexion

L3 myotome

hip flexion

L4 myotome

quad- knee ext

anterior tibialis - ankle dorsiflexion and inversion

L5 myotome

hamstrings - knee flex

extensor hallucis and digitorum longus - ankle dorsiflexion and big toe extension

S1 myotome

gastrocnemius - plantar flexion

peroneus longus and brevis - eversion and plantar flexion

C5 dermatome

lateral upper arm

C6 dermatome

lateral forearm/thumb

C7 dermatome

middle finger

C8 dermatome

medial forearm

T1 dermatome

medial upper arm

L1 dermatome

inguinal region

L2 dermatome

distal 2/3 anterior thigh

L3 dermatome

distal 3rd of anterior thigh

L4 dermatome

medial leg and foot

L5 dermatome

lateral leg and dorsum of foot

S1 dermatome

lateral foot/heel

what is a fasciculi

connection between groups of neurons in the CNS

what is a funiculi

descending or ascending groups of fibers in the spinal cord

what is decussation

vertical pathways crossing over to other side in CNS

what is a commissure

horizontal connection between white matter

what is a lemniscus

tract in the brain

what exceptions in the body are not controlled by the opposite brain

cerebellum controls ipsilaterally

SCM to cortex (due to contralateral rotation occurring)

what is a part of the lower brain level

medulla

pons

mesencephalon

hypothalamus

thalamus

cerebellum

basal ganglia

what is the function of the lower brain level

control of subconscious body activities (arterial pressure, respiration, equilibrium, feeding reflexes, emotional patterns

what is the function of the higher brain or cortical level

store memories

thought processes

what is modulation

inhibition of transmission of impulse

what type of connection is this

feedforward inhibition

what type of connection is this

feedback inhibition

what type of connection is this

disinhibition

what type of connection is this

feedback disinhibition

what is feedforward inhibition

activation of target neuron and inhibitory neuron by same neuron upstream

inhibitory neuron inhibits target neuron

target neuron does NOT fire

what is feedback inhibition

orginal stimulating neuron stimulates a downstream inhibitory neuron

inhibitory neuron inhibits original stimulating neuron

target neuron fires but then stops

what is disinhibition

inhibitory neuron is inhibited by another neuron

decreased inhibition occurs on target neuron, allowing it to fire

what is feedback disinhibition

secondary inhibitory neuron is stimulated by target neuron firing

inhibits that primary inhibitory neuron of target neuron

target neuron is able to continue firing

what kind of neural circuit is this

diverging circuit

what kind of neural circuit is this

converging circuit

what kind of neural circuit is this

reverberating circuit

what sensory receptor senses vibration and deep pressure

pacinian

what sensory receptor senses stretch and joint position

ruffini

what sensory receptor senses fine touch or discriminatory touch

meissner

what sensory receptor senses light pressure

merkel disk

what sensory receptor senses light touch and direction

hair follicle receptor

what sensory receptor senses pain

free nerve ending

what sensory receptor senses temperature

free nerve ending

what sensory receptor senses stretch

muscle spindle

what sensory receptor senses tension

golgi tendon organ

what pain nerve fiber is this quickest

A alpha/ Ia

waht pain nerve fiber is this slowest

C/IV

what are examples of rapidly adapting sensory fibers

pacinian

meissner

hair follicle

free nerve endings

what are examples of slow adapting sensory fibers

merkel

ruffini

muscle spindle

golgi tendon

what is wallerian degeneration

anything past the point of injury gets affected

describe differences between slow and fast axonal transport

slow conveys axoplasm in one direction only

fast conveys axoplasm in two directions