Erik Erikson

Who was born in Germany in 1902 and never knew his father?

A prominent figure in the development of psychoanalysis and psychology.

What experience did he face at school and in Synagogue?

He was bullied for being Jewish and having blonde hair and blue eyes.

Under whom did he study child psychoanalysis in Vienna?

Anna Freud, Sigmund Freud's daughter.

In which country did he marry an American and flee to just before WWII?

The United States.

What was the focus of his studies in America?

Ego identity and the development of self through social interaction.

What is a key concept in his development theory?

Development as a lifelong process based on family, culture, and society.

What leads to feelings of inadequacy according to the theory?

Not being able to resolve the crisis at each stage of development.

How many stages of development are there in his theory?

Eight stages.

What must be achieved to progress to the next stage according to Erikson?

The virtue from the previous stage.

What is the crisis of the first stage, Trust vs. Mistrust?

It occurs from ages 0-1 and is critical for the development of trust.

What virtue is created from the Trust vs. Mistrust stage?

Hope.

What is a major dilemma faced in the Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt stage?

Toddlers learn to control their bodies and assert independence.

What virtue is created during the Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt stage?

Will.

Which stage involves children's curiosity and questioning?

Initiative vs. Guilt.

What virtue is created in the Initiative vs. Guilt stage?

Purpose.

What is the focus of the Industry vs. Inferiority stage?

Children feel evaluated by a formal system and peers for the first time.

What virtue is developed in the Industry vs. Inferiority stage?

Competence.

What is the main concern during the Identity vs. Role Confusion stage?

Finding out who you are and figuring out different roles.

What virtue emerges from the Identity vs. Role Confusion stage?

Fidelity.

What vital aspect does Erikson emphasize in the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage?

Developing close, committed relationships.

What virtue is created in the Intimacy vs. Isolation stage?

Love.

What is the central question in Generativity vs. Stagnation?

Am I happy with what I created?

What virtue does one develop in the Generativity vs. Stagnation stage?

Care.

What key reflection occurs in the Integrity vs. Despair stage?

Looking back on life to assess its meaning.

What virtue is associated with the Integrity vs. Despair stage?

Wisdom.

What does Erikson's theory emphasize regarding culture and society?

Different cultures may influence how stages are resolved based on cultural needs.

What is the nature of the developmental theory according to Erikson?

It is considered discontinuous.

What role does nurture play in Erikson's theory?

It influences the development and resolution of crises at each stage.