CHEM 1A Unit 1 Exam Practice Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards generated from the CHEM 1A Unit 1 Exam document.

Ilmenite

A rock or mineral with the chemical formula $\text{FeTiO}_3$ that contains both metals ($\text{Fe}$, $\text{Ti}$) and nonmetals ($\text{O}$), features ionic bonding, and serves as a precursor to lunar high-titanium basalt.

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)

Standard chemical conditions defined as a pressure of $1\,\text{atm}$ and a temperature of $273.15\,\text{K}$.

Orthosilicate

A polyatomic silicate ion with the chemical formula $\text{SiO}_4^{4-}$.

Metasilicate

A polyatomic silicate ion with the chemical formula $\text{SiO}_3^{2-}$.

Fracking Fluid

A fluid injected into the Earth's crust for mining fossil fuels, composed of 99.5% water and 0.5% other additives such as methanol ($\text{CH}_3\text{OH}$).

Avogadro's Number ($N_0$)

The fundamental physical constant representing the number of units per mole, given as $6.02214 \times 10^{23}\,\text{mol}^{-1}$.

Van der Waals Equation

An equation of state used for real gases given by $\left(P + a \frac{n^2}{V^2}\right)(V - nb) = nRT$.

Ideal Gas Law

The equation of state relating pressure, volume, molar quantity, and temperature of an ideal gas, given by $PV = nRT$.

Kinetic Energy ($KE$)

The average kinetic energy of gas molecules expressed by the formula $KE = \frac{1}{2} mv^2 = \frac{3}{2} RT$.

Dispersant

A chemical agent used after a spill to dissolve floating hydrocarbon layers and facilitate mixing with water.

Neutral Iron Shell Model

A diagrammatic shell model representing a neutral iron ($\text{Fe}$) atom with a central nuclear charge of $+26$.

Benzene Structure

The cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecule with formula $\text{C}_6\text{H}_6$ and a boiling point of $80\,^\circ\text{C}$.