U1-R1-The global importance of wetlands

wetlands

(n) vùng đất ngập nước
Meaning: areas where water covers the soil for all or part of the year
Example: Wetlands support many plants and animals.

fertile ecosystems

(n) hệ sinh thái màu mỡ
Meaning: rich natural environments that support life
Example: Fertile ecosystems provide food for many species.

commercial development

(n) phát triển thương mại
Meaning: building projects for business purposes
Example: Commercial development can damage natural habitats.

drainage schemes

(n) dự án thoát nước
Meaning: plans to remove water from land
Example: New drainage schemes changed the local environment.

industrial pollutants

(n) chất ô nhiễm công nghiệp
Meaning: harmful waste from factories
Example: Industrial pollutants polluted the river.

livelihoods

(n) sinh kế
Meaning: the way people earn money to live
Example: Fishing provides livelihoods for local families.

be dependent on

(adj) phụ thuộc vào
Meaning: rely on
Example: Many farmers are dependent on wetlands.

serve a crucial purpose

(v) đóng vai trò quan trọng
Meaning: play an important role
Example: Wetlands serve a crucial purpose in nature.

mitigate climate change

(v) giảm thiểu biến đổi khí hậu
Meaning: reduce the effects of climate change
Example: Forests help mitigate climate change.

buffer

(n) vùng đệm; lá chắn
Meaning: something that provides protection
Example: Wetlands act as a buffer against floods.

sea-level rise

(n) mực nước biển dâng
Meaning: the increase in sea level
Example: Sea-level rise threatens coastal cities.

extreme weather events

(n) hiện tượng thời tiết cực đoan
Meaning: severe weather such as storms or floods
Example: Floods are extreme weather events.

restore forests

(v) phục hồi rừng
Meaning: bring forests back
Example: The project aims to restore forests.

in-demand commodities

(n) hàng hóa có nhu cầu cao
Meaning: products that many people want to buy
Example: Palm oil is an in-demand commodity.

peatlands

(n) đất than bùn
Meaning: wetlands with thick organic soil
Example: Peatlands store large amounts of carbon.

carbon emitters

(n) nguồn phát thải carbon
Meaning: things that release carbon dioxide
Example: Factories are major carbon emitters.

carbon stores

(n) nơi lưu trữ carbon
Meaning: places that keep carbon instead of releasing it
Example: Forests are natural carbon stores.

carbon emissions

(n) lượng khí thải carbon
Meaning: carbon released into the atmosphere
Example: Countries aim to reduce carbon emissions.

increase the risk of

(v) làm tăng nguy cơ
Meaning: make something more likely
Example: Smoking increases the risk of disease.

biodiversity

(n) đa dạng sinh học
Meaning: the variety of plants and animals
Example: Wetlands have rich biodiversity.

clear the trees

(v) chặt phá rừng
Syn. remove trees; cut down trees
Para. destroy forest areas for development
Example: Companies cleared the trees to create farmland.
Ant. plant trees
Example: Local people planted trees to protect the environment.

drain water out of

(v) rút nước ra khỏi
Syn. remove water from
Para. make land dry by removing water
Example: Farmers drained water out of the fields.

break down

(v) phân hủy
Syn. decompose; decay
Para. change into smaller parts naturally
Example: Bacteria break down dead plants.
Ant. preserve
Example: Cold temperatures can preserve food for longer.

subsidence

(n) sự sụt lún đất
Syn. sinking of land
Para. the gradual lowering of the ground level
Example: Subsidence can damage roads and buildings.

landmass

(n) diện tích đất liền
Syn. area of land
Para. a large continuous piece of land
Example: The island lost part of its landmass.

sediment run-off

(n) dòng chảy mang theo trầm tích
Syn. soil erosion; sediment flow
Para. soil carried away by water
Example: Heavy rain caused sediment run-off into rivers.

over-extraction of water

(n) khai thác nước quá mức
Syn. excessive water use
Para. taking more water than available resources can support
Example: Over-extraction of water harms natural ecosystems.
Ant. water conservation
Example: Water conservation helps protect rivers.

set out to do

(v) bắt đầu với mục tiêu làm gì
Syn. intend to; aim to
Para. start a task with a specific goal
Example: The organisation set out to protect wetlands.
Ant. give up
Example: They gave up before completing the project.

income generation

(n) tạo thu nhập
Syn. earning money; revenue creation
Para. activities that provide financial benefits
Example: Tourism supports income generation in rural areas.

decision making

(n) quá trình ra quyết định
Syn. decision process
Para. the process of choosing what to do
Example: Local people joined the decision-making process.

long-term value

(n) giá trị lâu dài
Syn. lasting importance
Para. benefits that continue for many years
Example: Education has long-term value for society.
Ant. short-term benefit
Example: Some companies focus only on short-term benefits.

place a high priority on

(v) ưu tiên cao cho
Syn. give importance to; focus on
Para. consider something more important than other things
Example: Governments should place a high priority on environmental protection.
Ant. ignore
Example: Some people ignore environmental problems.

be cautiously optimistic

(adj) lạc quan một cách thận trọng
Syn. be hopeful but careful
Para. expect good results while accepting possible problems
Example: Scientists are cautiously optimistic about the future.
Ant. be pessimistic
Example: Some experts are pessimistic about climate change.

awareness of

(n) nhận thức về
Syn. understanding of; knowledge of
Para. public recognition of an issue
Example: Awareness of climate change is increasing.
Ant. ignorance of
Example: Ignorance of environmental problems can be dangerous.

at a rapid pace

(prep) với tốc độ nhanh
Syn. quickly; rapidly
Para. at a fast rate
Example: Technology is developing at a rapid pace.
Ant. at a slow pace
Example: The project is progressing at a slow pace.

according to

(prep) theo; theo như
Syn. based on; as stated by
Para. following the information provided by
Example: According to the report, wetland loss is increasing.

play an important part in

(v) đóng vai trò quan trọng trong
Syn. play a key role in; contribute to
Para. be an important factor in
Example: Wetlands play an important part in human development.

directly support

(v) hỗ trợ trực tiếp
Syn. provide support for; help
Para. provide direct benefits to
Example: Wetlands directly support local communities.

well-being

(n) sức khỏe và chất lượng cuộc sống
Syn. quality of life; welfare
Para. a person's health and happiness
Example: Exercise improves people's well-being.

point to

(v) chỉ ra; cho thấy
Syn. indicate; suggest
Para. show evidence of something
Example: The results point to a serious environmental problem.

work to do something

(v) nỗ lực để làm gì
Syn. make efforts to; try to
Para. take action in order to achieve something
Example: Scientists work to protect endangered species.

be targeted

(v) bị nhắm tới
Syn. be selected; be chosen
Para. be considered a suitable object for action
Example: Wetlands are often targeted for development.

instead of

(prep) thay vì
Syn. rather than; in place of
Para. as an alternative to
Example: Farmers grew corn instead of rice.

increase the risk of

(v) làm tăng nguy cơ
Syn. raise the risk of; contribute to the likelihood of
Para. make something more likely to happen
Example: Pollution increases the risk of disease.
Ant. reduce the risk of
Example: Exercise can reduce the risk of illness.

allow for

(v) tạo điều kiện cho; cho phép
Syn. make possible; enable
Para. provide the opportunity for something to happen
Example: The new system allows for faster communication.

turn into

(v) biến thành
Syn. transform into; change into
Para. develop into a different form
Example: Dead plants turn into organic matter.

as a result of

(prep) là kết quả của; do bởi
Syn. because of; due to
Para. caused by something
Example: Many animals disappeared as a result of habitat loss.

lead to

(v) dẫn đến
Syn. result in; cause
Para. create a particular outcome
Example: Poor planning can lead to serious problems.
Ant. prevent
Example: Good planning can prevent problems.

affect in ways that

(v) ảnh hưởng theo những cách mà
Syn. influence; have an impact on
Para. change something through different effects
Example: Climate change affects ecosystems in ways that are difficult to predict.

be documented

(v) được ghi nhận; được ghi chép
Syn. be recorded; be reported
Para. be officially written down as evidence
Example: The changes have been documented by scientists.

set out to do

(v) bắt đầu với mục tiêu làm gì
Syn. aim to; intend to
Para. start an activity with a clear purpose
Example: The organisation set out to protect wetlands.

make a living

(v) kiếm sống
Syn. earn a living; support oneself
Para. get money to pay for basic needs
Example: Many families make a living from farming.

acknowledge the importance of

(v) thừa nhận tầm quan trọng của
Syn. recognise the importance of
Para. accept that something is valuable or necessary
Example: Experts acknowledge the importance of wetlands.

provide an income for

(v) tạo thu nhập cho
Syn. generate income for; support financially
Para. give people a way to earn money
Example: Tourism provides an income for local people.

be involved in

(v) tham gia vào
Syn. take part in; participate in
Para. actively join an activity or process
Example: Local people should be involved in decision making.

go on to explain

(v) tiếp tục giải thích
Syn. continue by explaining; elaborate on
Para. give further details about something
Example: The professor went on to explain the main cause.

rich in

(adj) giàu về; có nhiều
Syn. abundant in; full of
Para. contain a large amount of something
Example: The region is rich in natural resources.
Ant. poor in; lacking in
Example: The area is poor in fresh water.

play a crucial role in

(v) đóng vai trò then chốt trong
Syn. play an important part in; be essential to
Para. be a key factor in achieving something
Example: Wetlands play a crucial role in protecting wildlife.

protect … from

(v) bảo vệ… khỏi
Syn. shield … from; defend … against
Para. prevent something from being harmed by
Example: Trees protect villages from strong winds.
Ant. expose … to
Example: Cutting forests exposes animals to danger.

provide … with

(v) cung cấp… cho
Syn. supply … with; give …
Para. make something available to someone
Example: Wetlands provide local people with food.
Ant. deprive … of
Example: Pollution deprives villagers of clean water.

be lost

(v) bị mất đi
Syn. disappear; vanish
Para. no longer exist or be available
Example: Many forests have been lost due to development.
Ant. be preserved; be protected
Example: Natural areas should be preserved.

be converted into

(v) được chuyển đổi thành
Syn. be transformed into; be changed into
Para. be developed into a different form or use
Example: Old factories were converted into museums.

be damaged by

(v) bị hư hại bởi
Syn. be harmed by; be affected by
Para. suffer negative effects from something
Example: Crops were damaged by heavy rain.
Ant. be protected from
Example: The plants were protected from insects.

remain

(v) vẫn còn; vẫn duy trì
Syn. continue to exist; stay
Para. still be present after a period of time
Example: Only a few wetlands remain today.
Ant. disappear; disappear completely
Example: Many traditional practices have disappeared.

be of considerable value

(adj) có giá trị đáng kể
Syn. be highly valuable; be important
Para. have great importance or benefit
Example: These forests are of considerable value to local communities.

working to restore

(v) đang nỗ lực khôi phục
Syn. making efforts to restore; trying to rebuild
Para. taking action to bring something back
Example: Volunteers are working to restore damaged forests.