Pharmacology: Non-opioid analgesics and anesthetics

what are the three categories of analgesics

nonopoid analgesic, opoid drugs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

what is activated when acetaminophen is taken

the descending serotonergic inhibitory pathways in the central nervous system

where is acetominophen absorbes

small intestines

where is acetominophen metabolized

the liver

what is the maximum dose of acetominophen that you can take in a day

4kg/day (any more can cause liver damage)

what is another name for local anesthetics

-caines

what does local anethestics target

a beta fibers and ce-fibers (sensory neurons) in the epidermis

how long does a local anesthetic last

0.5-4 hours

where does a local anesthetic act

at the cell membrane

when a local anesthetic is injected what is the next steps

bind to reversible to specific receptor site in nerve cell membrane, they block sodium channels, and reverse action potentials of nerve conduction

How much does five percent lidocaine deliver

12 hours of local pain relief

allodynia

experiencing pain from a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain

in an over the counter topical agent what is the chemical structure

1.25% menthol + 3.6% lidocaine = 4% lidocaine patch

what is an athletic trainers role in clinical pain management

ensure the patient understand medication including use storage, disposal, and monitoring any adverse effects (efficacy), they should review overall treatment goals and incorporate patient related outcome scale