Understanding Common Diseases and Disorders

Flashcards for reviewing common diseases and disorders based on lecture notes.

High-fat diet, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle are examples of __ risk factors for disease.

modifiable

Activating __ in a long-term care facility typically involves calling the charge nurse.

Emergency Medical Services (EMS)

Rheumatoid Arthritis is described as an __ disorder.

autoimmune

Osteoporosis is a gradual thinning of the bone that may be caused by age, certain medications, or a lack of __ and vitamin D.

calcium

Two respiratory diseases that are chronic bronchitis and emphysema are collectively known as __.

COPD

Tuberculosis is a contagious __ infection of the lungs.

bacterial

In __, the arteries become hardened.

arteriosclerosis

Chest pain caused by an inadequate amount of oxygen to the heart is known as __.

angina

Gender (male), race (Black, Hispanic, or Native American), and family history of heart disease are considered __ risk factors for a heart attack.

non-modifiable

Blood pressure greater than 140/90 is known as __.

hypertension

A Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is considered a __ to a stroke.

precursor

Parkinson's disease is caused by the gradual loss of cells targeted by __.

dopamine

Deterioration in brain function that affects memory and the ability to complete daily tasks is called __.

Dementia

Glaucoma is characterized by high __ within the eye which can lead to decreased sight and possibly blindness.

pressure

For Type 2 Diabetes, __ is identified as the major risk factor.

obesity

Lifestyle changes to relieve GERD include avoiding lying down after meals and sleeping with the head __.

elevated

Acute kidney failure usually has a rapid onset and is life-threatening, often caused by a traumatic event such as a heart attack or severe __.

blood loss

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can lead to a kidney infection or __.

septicemia

Complications of incontinence can include emotional withdrawal, depression, and skin rashes and __.

UTIs

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) targets and destroys __ cells.

T

In the staging of cancer, Stage 4 means the cancer has __ into other areas of the body or the lymph nodes.

metastasized

__ care is for residents who have a terminal diagnosis and are expected to live only months.

Hospice