animal nutrition lab protein

what are proteins

organic compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

proteins are needed to:

grow new tissues and to repair old tissues in an animal

every day, _____% of the body’s proteins are rebuilt.

3-5%

to determine the crude protein content of a forage or feedstuff, nitrogen content is measured and multiplied by ____

6.25

crude protein is comprised of both:

true protein and nonprotein nitrogen

(T/F) not all nitrogen-containing compounds are true proteins

true

most animals can synthesize the ______ amino acids

nonessential

essential amino acids must be supplied in the diets of ______ animals

nonruminant

(T/F) monogastric animals are unable to synthesize amino acids and thus should have their diets supplemented with proteins containing the 10 essential amino acids

true

(T/F) ruminants can synthesize all amino acids by microbial action in the rumen

true

____ is normally not required in healthy adult animals

arginine

PVT TIM HALL

phenylalanine, valine, tryptophan. threonine, isoleucine, methionine. histidine, arginine, lysine, leucine

liebig barrel

protein is rain barrel, amino acids are individual staves that make up the barrel. when one stave is shorter than the others, the barrel can only be filled to the shortest level → one amino acid is deficient, proteins can only be synthesized to the level of that amino acid

legume limited amino acid

methionine

legume complement

grains

grains limited amino acid

lysine, threonine

grains complement

legumes

corn limited amino acid

tryptophan, lysine

corn complement

legumes

amino acid structure

carbon bonded to hydrogen, carboxyl group, amino group, R group

proteins

biological polymers composed of amino acids. amino acids, linked together by peptide bonds, form a polypeptide chain

primary structure

proteins are made up of various combinations of up to 20 amino acids

secondary structure

alpha-helix, beta-pleated-sheet. comprised of regions stabilized by hydrogen bonds between amide hydrogens and carbonyl oxygens of the peptide backbone

tertiary structure

3-d structure determined by repulsions between the R groups in the peptide chain

quaternary structure

combination of two or more protein units. stabilized between interactions in the R groups