KNPE 305 Ch 15 Self-determination theory

For midterm

Health belief model

Adapted theory from the behavioral sciences to health problems

Health belief model components

Behavior depends mainly on two variables:

The value placed by an individual on a particular behavioral goal

The individual’s estimate of the likelihood that a given action will achieve that goal

Health belief model constructs

Perceived susceptibility

Perceived severity

Perceived benefits

Perceived barriers

Perceived susceptibility

Person’s opinion of the chances of getting a disease

Perceived severity

Person’s opinion of the seriousness of a condition and it’s consequences

Perceived benefits

Person’s opinion of the efficacy of the advised action to reduce risk or seriousness of impact

Perceived barriers

Person’s opinion of the physical and psychological costs of the advised action

Cues to action

Strategies to activate “readiness” to take action

Protection motivation theory

Originally developed to explain inconsistencies in research on fear appeals and attitude changes

Rogers (1983)

Cognitive processes for protection motivation theory

Threat appraisal

Coping appraisal

Threat appraisal

An evaluation of the factors that influence the likelihood of engaging in an unhealthy behavior

Is dependent on someone’s perceived vulnerability and perceived severity

Coping appraisal

An evaluation of the factors that influence the likelihood of engaging in a recommended preventative response

Consists of response efficacy and self-efficacy

Perceived vulnerability

A person’s estimate of the degree of personal risk for a specific health hazard is a current unhealthy behavior continues

Response efficacy

The person’s expectancy that complying with recommendations will remove the threat

Self determination theory

Organismic approach, assumes that human beings act on their internal and external environments to be effective and to satisfy a full range of their need

Composed of 5 mini theories:

Causality orientations theory

Goal contents theory

Cognitive evaluation theory

Basic psychological needs theory

Organismic integration theory

Types of motivation

Intrinsic motivation

Extrinsic motivation

Amotivation

Intrinsic motivation

Motivation to do an activity for its own sake or the pleasure it provides

Extrinsic motivation

Multidimensional:

External regulation 

Introjected regulation

Identified regulation

External regulation (dimension of extrinsic motivation)

Purest form of extrinsic motivation

The individual engages in a behavior solely to receive a reward or to avoid punishment / controlled by reward and punishment

Introjected regulation (dimension of extrinsic motivation)

Represents the incomplete internalization of a regulation

Actions performed for ego involved reasons

Identified regulation (dimension of extrinsic motivation)

The individual freely chooses to carry out an activity that is not considered to be enjoyable per se, but which is though to be important to achieve a personal goal

Amotivation

The absence of motivation toward an activity

Metatheory

Combination of theories, provides the framework to understand the reasons for people's underlying behaviors

Basic psychological needs theory

The various motives that individuals have for an activity are driven by psychological needs that have as their basis a striving toward growth and the actualization of personal potential

Three needs of the basic psychological needs theory

Competence, relatedness, autonomy

Multidimensional nature of intrinsic motivation

Knowledge: the pleasure of engaging in an activity to learn something new or about the activity

Accomplishment: the pleasure of engaging in an activity to achieve a goal

Stimulation: experiencing pleasant sensations from the activity itself