Chapter 1: What Is Industrial and Organizational Psychology?

This flashcard set covers key terms and concepts introduced in the first chapter of an I-O psychology textbook, focusing on definitions and the importance of various elements within the field.

Industrial-Organizational (I-O) Psychology

The application of psychological principles, theory, and research to the work setting.

Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP)

An association to which many I-O psychologists, both practitioners and researchers, belong.

Personnel Psychology

Field of psychology that addresses issues such as recruitment, selection, training, performance appraisal, promotion, transfer, and termination.

Human Resources Management (HRM)

Practices such as recruitment, selection, retention, training, and development of people (human resources) in order to achieve individual and organizational goals.

Organizational Psychology

Field of psychology that combines research from social psychology and organizational behavior and addresses the emotional and motivational side of work.

Human Engineering or Human Factors Psychology

The study of the capacities and limitations of humans with respect to a particular environment.

Scientist-Practitioner Model

A model that uses scientific tools and research in the practice of I-O psychology.

Welfare-to-Work Program

Program that requires individuals to work in return for government subsidies.

Telecommuting

Accomplishing work tasks from a distant location using electronic communication media.

Virtual Team

Team that has widely dispersed members working together toward a common goal and linked through computers and other technology.

Good Work

Work that exhibits a high level of expertise, entails regular concern with the implications and applications of an individual's work for the wider world.

Junk Science

Fascinating topic with shoddy research.

Pragmatic Science

Important topic with well-designed research.

Irrelevant Science

Unimportant topic with meticulous research.

Hopeless Science

Unimportant topic with shoddy research.

Authenticity

Referring to that which is real, genuine, not artificial, and has become a popular concept in America.

Cultural Mosaic

A term referring to the concept that individuals embrace several cultures and subcultures.

Expatriate

Manager or professional assigned to work in a location outside of his or her home country.

Individualist Culture

A culture that values the individual more than the group.

Collectivist Culture

A culture that values the group more than the individual.

Power Distance

The degree to which less powerful members of an organization accept and expect an unequal distribution of power.

Uncertainty Avoidance

The extent to which members of a culture feel comfortable in unstructured situations.

Masculinity/Femininity

The distribution of emotional roles between the genders, with the masculine role being seen as tough and the feminine role seen as tender.

Long-Term vs Short-Term Orientation

The extent to which members of a culture expect immediate versus delayed gratification of their material, social, and emotional needs.