V+K

what is the aim of V+K study

find out the differences between and across cultures in terms of attachment

what is the procedure of V+K study

meta analysis, 32 samples from 8 countries, 1990, observations of SSP, focused on A,B,C types, standardised controls eg. all 2 yrs, only SSP, no Downs Syndrome, no samples below 3

what are the results of V+K study

type B high across all cultures showing secure is the most common attachment type across all cultures

Japan mostly type C as they are a collectivist culture who are reared very close to the caregiver- this means when separated from the caregiver they respond extremely distressed

what are the conclusions of V+K study

type B secure attached is the most common attachment across cultures

there are more type A attachments in Western Europe countries which are generally individualistic and more type c in collectivist countries like israel and japan

evaluate V+K study

+ generalisable of the TP consisting of 32 samples from 8 countries

- sample biased of more individualistic cultures and less collectivist ones like Africa

+ All 32 studies involved were using the SSP which uses standardised procedures eg must only involve children under 2 yrs, no children with Down’s syndrome

- didn’t conduct the studies first hand so we can’t guarantee they were all conducted in the same way, reduces the objectivity

+real world applicability settings to ensure people of all cultures are treated to suit their attachment type

-SSP may not be applicable as its based on westernised child rearing strategies