Matter

matter

anything that takes up space and has mass

substance

all particles in matter are identical

mixture

two or more substances physically combined

element

simplest for of matter from which more complex substances are made

monatomic element

elements Helium, Argon, and Neon that are stable as an individual atom

diatomic atom

elements like Oxygen, Nitrogen and Hydrogen that are stable as two atom of themselves bonded together

Compound

two or more elements chemically combined in a foxed proportion

homogeneous mixture

components are evenly distributed out on a microscopic level

heterogeneous

substances in the mixture are not evenly spread out

colloid

small particles remain dispersed throughout the mixture

suspension

larger particles that appear uniformly distributed but will settle out of the mixture over time or if not being mixed

physical properties

properties that can be observed directly or measured without changing the chemical identity of the substance

melting point

temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid

boiling point

temperature at which a liquid becomes a liquid

viscosity

a fluid's resistance to flow

solubility

a measure of how well a solute dissolves in a solvent
solute-what is being dissolved
solvent- what is doing the dissolving
solution- the result

density

measure of compactness or consistency of a material

volume of a liquid

if a liquid or an irregularly shaped solid, use a graduated cylinder (and water displacement for a solid)

chemical properties

properties that can only be observed or measured by changing the chemical identity of a substance

combustibility

how easily a substance will set on fire

reactivity

how easily a substance reacts, usually with an acid or base

oxidation

how easily a substance reacts with oxygen

chemical change

a change in a substance that affects its chemical properties

chemical reaction

process by which the atoms of one or more substances are rearranged to form different substances

chemical change

-release of light
-temperature change
-odor change
-sudden change of color
-gas given off
-sudden appearance of solid

matter particles

all matter is made up of small particles

temperature

measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object

3 states of matter

solid, liquid, gas

solid

fixed volume and fixed shape

liquid

fixed volume but shape changes based on container it is in

gas

no fixed volume or shape

plasma

matter composed of positively and negatively charged particles with extremely high kinetic energy

solubility

the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a certin of the solvent and the temperature