SHS: Lab Ten

Psychoacoustics is the…

The scientific study of sound perception and audiology, which describes characteristics of auditory perception and relates them to the physics of the sound field

For accurate diagnosis and hearing device selection/treatment? Audiologist?

Why does sound perception need? And who?

What influences parameters of psychoacoustics

• Sound pressure level

• Frequency

• Ear anatomy and subjective auditory variables

Patients hear more than…

One factor at a time

What psychoacoustic test evaluate for conductive and sensorineural hearing loss

Audiogram

How does an audiogram help an audiologist

To interpret speech test results, prescribe hearing aids, and help patients understand their communication issues

Psychoacoustics tuning curve determines how much

perceptual degradation a patient has experiences from hearing loss for proper hearing aid recommendations

Minimal audible fields

The minimum sound pressure level (SPL) required to reach the threshold as a function of frequency (Lower) curve; the curve is generated in an “open” sound field without headphones

The auditory system is very sensitive to frequencies between (Less sensitive at higher and lower frequnices)

1,000 Hz and 5,000 Hz

Sound pressure level (SPL) is

A physical term that correlates with loudness

Frequnecy analysis of the cochlea is conceptualize as a series of overlapping

Bandpass auditory filters, ranging across 20-20,000 Hz frequency range of human hearing

Components of the peripheral nervous system

• Cerebral hemispheres

• Cerebellum

• Brainstem

• Spinal cord

Components of the Peripheral nervous system

• Nerves

• Ganglia

List the effects of bilateral lesion

Both hemispheres control a muscle; damage to one side of the brain causes little to no effect on speech-related movements

List the effects of unilateral lesion

One hemisphere controls a muscle; Damage to one side of the brain causes movement deficits on the opposite side

Circle of Willis

Arteries/blood supply that create a circle of blood supply (A roundabout of blood)

The Circle of Willis includes these arteries

• Basilar artery

• Posterior cerebral arteries (PCA)

• Middle cerebral arteries (MCA) + communicating arteries**

• Anterior cerebral arteries (ACA)

• Internal carotid artery (ICA)

The middle cerebral artery supplies blood to the lateral surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres, including the perisylvian regions that support speech and language functions.

What is the importance of the middle cerebral artery for speech and language function

Commissural tract

A fiber tract that connects the primary sensory cortex in the left and right hemispheres…

Association tract

A fiber tract that connects the primary somatosensory cortex in the left hemisphere with Broca’s area (in the left hemisphere)

Projection tract

A fiber tract that connects cortical cells with cells in the brainstem