AP World History Content Summary (2019 Edition)

Flashcards covering key concepts from AP World History content, focusing on major ideologies, empires, economic systems, and social structures.

Confucianism

A system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius, emphasizing moral integrity and the importance of social relationships.

Filial Piety

The virtue of respect for one's parents and ancestors in Chinese culture, central to Confucian ideology.

Mamluk Sultanate

A political entity in Egypt and the Levant during the medieval era, established by Mamluk slaves who seized power.

Neo-Confucianism

A moral, ethical, and metaphysical philosophy influenced by Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism, gaining prominence during the Song Dynasty.

Buddhism

A religion and philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, emphasizing spiritual development and the attainment of a deep insight into the true nature of life.

Champa Rice

A fast-maturing, drought-resistant rice that can allow for multiple harvests in a year, essential for the agricultural expansion in China.

Islamic States

Sovereign, Muslim-majority nations or political entities governed by laws derived from Islamic principles.

Feudalism

A social system prevalent in medieval Europe characterized by the relationship between lords and vassals, involving land exchanges for service.

Hinduism

An ancient religion originating from the Indian subcontinent, characterized by a variety of beliefs and practices, including the worship of many gods.

Mercantilism

An economic theory prevalent in the 16th to 18th centuries advocating for governmental regulation of a nation's economy to augment state power.

Casta System

A hierarchical social stratification system in colonial Latin America that categorized people based on race and ethnicity.

Gunpowder Empires

Empires that expanded through military power facilitated by the use of gunpowder, including the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires.

Joint-Stock Companies

Business entities where different stocks can be bought and owned by shareholders, prominent in the expansion of maritime trade.

Transnational Corporations

Companies that operate in multiple countries beyond their country of origin, often having a global reach and influence.

Decolonization

The process by which colonies gained independence from colonial powers, leading to the formation of new states.

Civilizing Mission

The justification used by European powers for the colonization of non-Western countries, often promoting Western cultural and political values.

Globalization

The process of increased interconnectedness among countries and cultures, driven by trade, investment, and technology.

Sufism

A mystical Islamic belief system emphasizing personal experience of the divine, often through meditation and ecstatic rituals.

What time period did Confucianism primarily influence Chinese society?

Confucianism primarily influenced Chinese society during the Han Dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE) and continued to be significant in the subsequent dynasties.

When did the Mamluk Sultanate exist?

The Mamluk Sultanate existed from the 13th century until the 16th century, specifically from 1250 to 1517.

During which period did Neo-Confucianism become prominent?

Neo-Confucianism gained prominence during the Song Dynasty (960-1279).

In which periods did global trade expand significantly due to Joint-Stock Companies?

Global trade expanded significantly between the late 16th century and the 18th century due to the rise of Joint-Stock Companies.

What time frame does the Mercantilism economic theory cover?

Mercantilism was prevalent from the 16th to 18th centuries.

What era is associated with the rise of Gunpowder Empires?

The rise of Gunpowder Empires is primarily associated with the early modern period, approximately from the 16th to 18th centuries.

When did decolonization movements primarily occur?

Decolonization movements primarily occurred in the mid-20th century, following World War II.

What period does globalization mark its most significant acceleration?

Globalization marked its most significant acceleration in the late 20th century, particularly after the 1980s