Roman Art and Archaeology: Week 12

consecratio

the act of the Roman Pontifices (priests) declaring something sacred/making it belong to the Gods

paludamentum

a military commander’s cape tied over one shoulder

Anontinus Pius

ruled 138-161; adopted by and succeeded Hadrian

Marcus Aurelius

ruled 161-180; adopted by and succeeded Anontinus Pius

Lucius Verus

ruled 161-169; adopted by Marcus Aurelius but co-ruled with Marcus Aurelius

Commodus

ruled 180-192; succeeded Marcus Aurelius

co-ruling

experiments by Roman emperors to attempt having partnered leadership

Hercules Romanus

the guise of Commodus in Hercules, trying to make himself seem more powerful and victorious by associating with Hercules

Septimus Severus

ruled 193-211; succeeded Commodus

Vatican necropolis

large necropolis built underneath the Vatican, split into elite and non-elite sections, featured “house-front tombs”

hybridity

the fusing of two cultures to create something new, associated with Egyptian and Roman funerary art/practices

Fig. 14-3 Bust of Antoninus Pius, from Lanuvium, ca. 138–140. Marble

Fig. 14-2 Hadrian and the Antonine emperors, from the Great Antonine Altar, Ephesus, Turkey, ca. 169. Marble

Fig. 14-5 Bust of young Marcus Aurelius, ca. 140. Marble

Fig. 14-14 Temple of Faustina the Elder. Via Sacra, Rome, begun 141; rededicated in 161 as the Temple of Antoninus and Faustina

Fig. 14-11 Cuirassed bust of Lucius Verus, from Marengo, 161–169. Silver

Fig. 14-15A Pedestal of the Column of Antoninus Pius, from Piazza Montecitorio, Rome, ca. 161 (know both faces!)

Fig. 14-16 Apotheosis of Antoninus Pius and Faustina the Elder, pedestal of the Column of Antoninus Pius, from Piazza Montecitorio (Fig. 14-15A detail)

Fig. 14-17 Decursio, pedestal of the Column of Antoninus Pius, from Piazza Montecitorio (Fig. 14-15A detail)

Fig. 14-8 Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius, from Rome, ca. 175. Bronze

detail of the face of the Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius

Fig. 14-17A Adlocutio and presentation of prisoners, two panels from a lost arch of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, ca. 176–180, reused on the Arch of Constantine (fig. 21-6). Marble

Fig. 14-12 Bust of young Commodus,  from Lanuvium, ca. 175–177. Marble

Fig. 14-21 Column of Marcus Aurelius (looking northwest), Rome, ca. 176–180

Fig. 14-22A Adlocutio, detail of the spiral frieze of the Column of Marcus Aurelius

Fig. 14-24C Cavalry battle, detail of the spiral frieze of the Column of Marcus Aurelius

Fig. 15-18 Roman tombs, Catacomb of Saint Sebastian, Via Appia, Rome, 150 – 200 CE

Fig. 16-8 Man and woman in the guise of Mars and Venus, from the Isola Sacra necropolis, Ostia, \n ca. 145–150. Marble

Fig. 16-2 Sarcophagus with massacre of the Niobids, from a tomb outside the Porta Viminalis, Rome, ca. 134–140. Marble

Fig. 16-7 Sarcophagus with kline portrait of a woman, from Rapolla, near Melfi, ca. 165–170. Marble

Fig. 16-15 Mummy portrait of a young woman, from Hawara, Egypt, ca. 110–120. Encaustic on wood