Chapter 7 Homework

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28 Terms

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Which condition is caused by a lack of blood flow to the brain, leading to the death of brain tissue?

Stroke

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Which condition involves a gradual loss of the myelin sheath in the central nervous system, leading to impaired nerve function?

Multiple sclerosis

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What is the primary function of the cerebellum?

Coordinates balance and muscle activity

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Which of the following is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?

Neuron

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Which of the following is a risk factor for ischemic stroke?

Smoking

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Which neurotransmitter is associated with mood regulation and is often targeted by antidepressant medications?

Serotonin

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Which lobe of the brain is responsible for processing visual information?

Occipital lobe

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What is the role of the myelin sheath in neuron function?

Increases the speed of impulse transmission

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What is the purpose of administering tPA in the patient?

To dissolve the blood clot

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Central nervous system

Brain and spinal cord

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Peripheral nervous system

Nerves in the body outside the brain and spinal cord

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Autonomic nervous system

Controls involuntary muscles and glands (heart rate, etc.)

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Somatic nervous system

Controls voluntary muscles in the body

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Sympathetic nervous system

Autonomic division responsible for the “flight or fight” response in response to stress

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Parasympathetic nervous system

Autonomic division of the nervous system responsible for the “rest and digest” response

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Which part of the brain is most likely affected, given the patient’s symptoms?

Left cerebral hemisphere

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Synapse

Point of communication between two neurons

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Aphasia

Inability to speak or understand language

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Neuroglia

Support and protect nervous tissue

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Axon

Fiber that carries impulses away from the neuron cell body

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Which disorder is characterized by a sudden, brief disruption in normal brain activity, often resulting in convulsions or altered consciousness?

Seizure disorder

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__________ neurons carry sensory impulses from the body to the brain ________ neurons carry motor impulses from the brain to the body.

Afferent, efferent

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Which best describes the cranial nerves?

Nerves coming directly out of the brain

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Which neurological disorder is characterized by progressive loss of memory and cognitive function, often in older adults?

Alzheimer’s disease

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What does the CT scan reveal in this case?

Occlusion in a cerebral artery

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Which division of the nervous system control involuntary actions such as heart rate and digestion?

Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

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What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

Regulates heart rate and blood pressure

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What type of stroke occurs when a blood vessel ruptures in the brain, leading to bleeding?

Hemorrhagic stroke