Principles of Management

Managerial Responsibilities

Include not only caring about the needs of the patient but also the employees, department, and the organization

Peter Principle

In hierarchy, every employee tends to rise to his/her level of incompetence

Why is it important to understand power

It is the glue that binds persons or groups in a relationship

2 Primary modalities for the exercise of organizational power

Position Power and Personal Power

The ability to influence the behavior of a supererior

Counterpower

Personal Power

The ability to influence others is also dependent upon personal characteristics and personality than formal authority 

Bedside Manner and Interpersonal Skills

People do not care how much you know, until they see how much you care

Authority

The aspect of power, granted to either groups or individuals, that legitimizes the right of the group or individual to make decisions on behalf of others 

Honeymoon Effect

Gives the ability to implement new ideas

Leadership

The process of influencing the behavior and attitudes of others to achieve intended outcomes

What is the keystone of managerial success

Leadership

Transactional Leadership

The simple exchange of one thing for another in a relationship between 2 people

Transformational Leadership

Transcends the day to day administrative requirements of operating an Athletic Training Program by elevating standards through the creative use of change and conflict 

Kurt Lewin 

Studied human behavior and found that employee actions in the workplace are the product of three interacting variables 

What 3 variables did Kurt Lewin find affected employee actions

Employee personality, work group structure, and sociotechnical climate

3 phases influencing employees to change their behavior

1. Unfreezing 

2. Changing 

3. Refreezing

Unfreezing Phase

Creating motivation for change in behavior

Changing Phase

Modifying behavior by either mimicking a role model or learning new behaviors through discovery process

Refreezing Phase

Integrating the new behavior into the workplace with constant reinforcement 

Douglas McGregor (1960)

New concept of human nature int he workplace based on his Theory X and Theory Y

Theory X

Workers were assumed to be inherently lazy, avoiding work whenever possible 

Theory Y

Workers were assumed to prefer to be directed by others and that their primary concern is financial reward rather than self improvement

Total Quality Management

Emphasizes continuous improvement in the process by which work is accomplished to create improvements in a product 

Management 

The element of the leadership process that involves planning, decision making, and coordinating the activities of a group of people working towards a common goal 

Mintzberg (1973)

Came up with the 3 major roles that all managers assume from time to time

3 major roles that managers assume

• Interpersonal Roles 

• Informational Roles 

• Decisional Roles 

Interpersonal Roles

The possession of formal authority, that requires the manager to interact and form relationships with others in the organization 

3 different types of interpersonal roles

• Figurehead role 

• Leader 

• Liaison Role 

Figurehead Role

Requires the authority holder to represent the group, usually in a visible public capacity

Leader

Transaction and transformational, provides feedback and encourages individual growth 

Liaison Role

Requires the leader to interact with others in the group, including superiors, subordinates, and coequals 

Informational Roles

Functions that require the manager to collect, use, and disseminate information

Two Roles of informational roles

• Monitor

• Disseminator

3 elements influencing disseminating information in an organization

1. The meaning of the sender

2. The meaning of the receiver

3. Interference between the sender and receiver

Interference

Most common problem in the communication

Communication methods ranked by effectiveness

1. Face to face

2. Telecommunication

3. Written communication

4. Third party communication

Active Listening

Requires someone to provide undivided attention to the messenger without having a preconceived thought about what one wants or expects to hear 

Nonverbal Communication

The most important modifiers of an intended message 

Spokesperson Role

Third informational role that requires communication with organizational influencers and members of the organizations public 

Internal Influencers

Organizational decision makers

Organizations Public

Clients, suppliers, community supporters, consulting health professionals, news media 

Most important role

Decisional Roles

First decision making role

Entrepreneurial Role

Characteristics of the Entrepreneurial Role

Highly competitive, likes social environments, and believe strongly in organization and planning

Second Decision Making Role

Disturbance Handler

Third Decision Making Role

Allocator of Resources

Final Managerial Role

Negotiator