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The developments described in the excerpt were most directly a response to which of the following?
American Indian competition for land with miners, farmers, and settlers

The proclamation most clearly provides evidence for which of the following?
The failure of the Compromise of 1850 to lessen sectional tensions

The issuing of documents such as the proclamation generally had which of the following effects?
Increasing the visibility of organized opposition to slavery

The sentiments expressed in the proclamation would have been most widely condemned by White residents of
coastal South Carolina

Which of the following most directly contributed to “the sharp increase of immigration after 1845” referenced in the excerpt?
Crop failures and revolutions in Europe

The conflict described in the excerpt is most similar to conflict in what other period?
The period from after the First World War through the 1920s

Which of the following could best be used as evidence to support the argument in the excerpt that “ethnic conflict among whites rivaled sectional conflict as a major political issue” of the period?
Growing concern about the political and cultural influence of Catholic immigrants

Arguments similar to those expressed in the excerpt were later employed to justify which of the following?
The secession of most Southern states

Which of the following comparisons best describes Whitman’s and Giddings’ arguments about the Mexican-American War?
Whitman argued that the war was intended to deter bad behavior, while Giddings argued that the war represented aggression by the United States.

Based on their arguments in the excerpts, Giddings would likely agree with and Whitman would likely disagree with which of the following claims about the causes of the Mexican-American War?
The United States desired to expand slavery to Mexican territory.

Which of the following is a similarity between how Whitman and Giddings made their arguments?
Both used examples of Mexico’s behavior to support their points.

The pattern depicted in the graph in the first half of the nineteenth century most directly resulted in
the formation of a political party that promoted nativism

Which of the following best represents a continuity with pre–Civil War Southern society suggested by the events in the excerpt?
The political revolts by White Americans against state government authority

Sentiments of business leaders and politicians like that expressed in the excerpt most likely contributed to which of the following?
The creation of diplomatic ties with foreign nations

The excerpt best reflects which of the following developments?
Popular support for the idea of Manifest Destiny

Which of the following most directly contributed to the request expressed in the excerpt?
The desire for international trade and access to global markets

The ideology that supported the trend depicted in the map is most similar to the ideology that supported which of the following?
Involvement in the Spanish-American War

The trend shown in the map led most directly to which of the following?
Increasing divisions between North and South because of questions about the status of slavery in new territories

In the mid-nineteenth century, the process shown in the map was advocated by supporters of which of the following ideologies?
Manifest Destiny

Which of the following was a common justification in the United States for the trend depicted in the map?
The belief in White cultural and political superiority

Historians could best use the excerpt as an example of which of the following?
Political responses to changing demographics in the United States

Which of the following historical situations can best be used to explain how the excerpt would have been interpreted at the time?
The rise in immigration to the United States

The language in the excerpt was most likely interpreted as promoting which of the following?
Nativist sentiment

Which of the following was the most immediate context for debates over the issue discussed in Lincoln’s speech?
Conflict over the Supreme Court ruling in the Dred Scott case

Which of the following was a piece of evidence used by Lincoln to support his argument in the excerpt?
Many framers of the Constitution voted to restrict slavery in new territories.

Which of the following most likely supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt?
Southern Democrats

The decision in the excerpt held which of the following to be unconstitutional?
The Missouri Compromise

Which of the following was the most immediate result of the decision in the excerpt?
Support grew for the Republican Party.

The excerpt best reflects which of the following historical situations?
Congressional leaders sought political compromise to resolve discord between the North and the South.

The position expressed by Clay in the excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following?
The acquisition of new territories created disputes over the expansion of slavery.

Evidence in the excerpt best corroborates which of the following broader historical contexts?
Southern states sought more proslavery seats in the United States Congress.

Which of the following late-nineteenth-century federal actions most directly supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt?
The sale of land to settlers at low cost

The advice in the excerpt most directly reflects the influence of which of the following prevailing American ideas?
Manifest Destiny

The ideas expressed in the excerpt were most directly influenced by the
free-soil movement

Republicans asserted that political leaders could not “give legal existence to slavery in any territory of the United States” in order to express opposition against the
idea of popular sovereignty exemplified by the Kansas-Nebraska Act

The excerpt above reflects the common argument in the antebellum South that
slaves lived better than northern factory workers

Which of the following was the most significant impact of the South’s expansion described in the excerpt?
Conflict over the future of slavery

The population trend described in the excerpt most directly reflected which of the following domestic developments in the nineteenth century?
The belief that it was the Manifest Destiny of the United States to control territory across the continent

The excerpt best supports the conclusion that in the 1850s, the United States government
was willing to intimidate Asian countries like Japan to secure economic opportunities

The provision above overturned the
Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford

The excerpt best serves as evidence for which of the following developments?
Lincoln sought to avoid violence over the issues that divided the country.

The excerpt most likely reflects which of the following historical situations?
States in the South had begun seceding after the presidential election.

Evidence in the excerpt best corroborates which of the following?
Southern politicians would not abandon slavery, and they believed Lincoln was a threat to that system.

Which of the following most directly contributed to the conflict referred to in the excerpt?
Disagreements over whether to allow slavery in new territories

The territorial changes shown in the southwestern region of the map most directly resulted from
the Mexican-American War

The acquisition of territory in the southwestern region shown in the map intensified controversies in the United States about
allowing slavery in the new territories

Which of the following ideas contributed most directly to the territorial changes shown in the map?
Manifest Destiny

The excerpt most directly reflects the
public visibility of African Americans in abolitionist campaigns

In the 1850s ideas such as those expressed in the excerpt most directly contributed to
controversies over the expansion of slavery to new territories

Which of the following was a key purpose of the excerpt?
To condemn the conflict between American ideals and practices

Based on the excerpt, Calhoun would also be most likely to support which of the following?
Proslavery arguments

The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following developments in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century?
Westward expansion

Which of the following events best represents a continuity of the sentiments expressed by Senator Calhoun in the speech?
The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson

The views expressed by Fitzhugh would have been most likely to align with which of the following arguments?
States’ rights should be secured from federal interference.

The disagreements expressed in the two excerpts most directly reflect which of the following?
The intensification of regional differences between labor systems

Those who agreed with the views expressed in the excerpt by Weld would most likely have supported which of the following subsequent developments?
The founding of the Republican Party

The development described in the excerpt best reflects which of the following?
The contribution of African American women to ending slavery