zoology unit 1 fish and amphibians test

chordate

animal with a backbone

3 major characteristics of chordates

gill slits, nerve chord, backbone

3 minor characteristics of chordates

post anal tail, bones and cartilage, cranium that protects the brain

what is a vertebrae

bones that make up the backbone

5 examples of vertebrates

fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

icthyology

study of fish

herpetology

study of amphibians and reptiles

orinthology

study of mammals

mammology

study of mammals

7 characteristics of fish

vertebrates, aquatic (gills), appendages are fins, scales, metabolism is ectothermic, 2 chambered heart, oviparous

6 common fins on the fish

dorsal fin, tail/caudal fin, anal fin, pectoral fin, ventral/pelvic fin, second dorsal fin/adapose fin

what is the purpose of fish scales

so that they have countershading, which makes them be able to blend in with the water and avoid predators.

what’s the difference between oviparous and viviparous

oviparous lays eggs and viviparous gives live birth

what are jelly like eggs

jelly like substance that protects the eggs

3 groups of fish

jawless (hagfish), cartilage (sharks), bony (catfish)

colorado state fish

trout

tetrapod

a group of vertebrate animals with four feet, common ancestor with other vertebrae groups. early ancestral tetrapod is a coelocanth

what’s the difference between two and three chambered hearts

2 chambered hearts have one atrium, 3 chambered hearts have two atriums

names of the 2 heart chambers

atrium and ventricle

buccopharyngeal

breathes through the mouth

cutaneous

breathes through the skin

ectothermic

body temp is determined by environment

endothermic

body temp determined by internal body temp

poikilothermic

body temp determined by environment

3 groups of amphibians

caecilians, axolotls/salamanders, frogs/toads

what does the pancreas break down in the amphibian digestive system

carbs, fats and proteins

what does the gall bladder break down in the amphibian digestive system

stores bile produced by the liver

frog muscles used in jumping

triceps femoris, sartorious, gracilis major, gastrocnemus, tribalis posterior, tribalis anterior

5 stages of the frog life cycle

eggs, embryo, tadpole, juvenile, adult

state amphibian of colorado

western tiger salamander