Freud: Psychoanalysis and Psychosexual

Sigmund Freud

Father of Psychoanalysis

Sex and Aggression

Cornerstone of Psychoanalytic Theory; Was made at a time when sex was only acceptable for recreation

Purity

Women cannot have sex unless for procreation

Psychoanalytic Theory

Stimulating; gained followers and spread by them

Neofreudian

Those who did not follow Freud’s theory; have their own theories

Psychoanalytic Theory

Understanding of human personality based on the experiences of Freud with his patients, analysis of his own dreams, vast readings in the various sciences and humanities; subjective

Freiberg Moravia / Czech Republic (1856(

Where Freud is Born

Eldest (out of 8)

Freud’s Birth Order

Psychiatry

Specialization of Freud

Medicine

Drawn to (blank) due to interest in human nature

Hysteria

Conversion Disorder

Psychosomatic Disorder

Physical symptoms usually lacking of medical explanation

Catharsis

A way to remove hysterical symptoms by talking it out

Catharsis

Process of releasing strong or repressive emotions which gives relief

1900

Wrote Interpretation of Dreams

After 1900

Developed international circle of followers

1938

Driven out of Austria by Nazis

London 1939

Year and Place Freud died

1897

Abandoned seduction theory and replaced it with Oedipus Complex

Unconscious

Silently directs our thoughts and behaviors, govern out personality

Unconscious

What drives you (e.g. hunger, thirst)

Conscious

What you are aware of at any given moment

Unconscious and Conscious

Two Levels of Mental Life

Unconscious

Beyond awareness; known only indirectly

Unconscious

Includes drives, urges, or instincts

Regression and Phylogenetic Endowment

Two sources of unconscious processes

Unconscious

Influenced by our experiences that affect our (blank)

Unconscious

Affected by inherited experiences, and what lies beyond it

Unconscious

Not tangible and quantifiable; Subjective; Questioned by other studies

Preconscious

Not in conscious awareness, but can be readily accessed or retrieved

Preconscious

Stored knowledge, memory, etc.

Preconscious

Able to bring to the conscious level, even if it is not thought before

Conscious

Mental life that is directly available

Id

present at birth; newborn

Id

Immediate gratification; no consequences

Id

Basic impulses (sex and aggression)

Pleasure principle

Immediate gratification with no regards to the consequence

Id

Irrational and Impulsive

Id

Operates at an unconscious level

Superego

Opposite of the Id; Conflicting with Id; The Angel between the two

Superego

Develops in preschool, or aware of the rules need to follow

Superego

Operates in the preconscious level

Superego

Fighting or in conflict with Id

Superego

Perfectionist, idealistic and moralistic; Strives for perfection

Superego

Becomes conscience

Superego

Operates mainly at preconscious level

Ego

Mediator of the Id and Superego

Ego

In touch with the reality

Ego

Finds a way to satisfy both the Superego and Id; very rational that finds a way to satisfy both

Reality Principle

The satisfaction of the demands of the Id only when negative consequences will not result

Ego

Operates mainly at conscious level but also at preconscious level

Ego

Executive mediating between Id impulses and Superego inhibitions

Drives Instict

Sex Drive and Destructive Drive

Sex Drive

Goal is pleasure through any object or erogenous zones

Sex Drive

Also known as Eros or Life Instinct

Sex Drive

Lithos; Libido

Aggressive / Destructive Drive

Inflicting pain at other people or at yourself

Aggressive / Destructive Drive

Also known as Thanathos or Death Instinct

Neurotic Anxiety

Unconscious worry that we may lose control the Id’s urges → punishment

Moral Anxiety

Fear of violating our own moral principles based on the Superego

Moral Anxiety

Konsensya

Realistic Anxiety

Typical anxiety experienced because of fear of real world threats

Psychological Defense Mechanisms

Unconscious distortions of a person’s perception of reality that reduce stress and anxiety

Defense Mechanisms

Trying to escape the problem instead of facing it

Denial

The person refuses to acknowledge or recognize a threatening situation

Repression

The person refuses to consciously remember a threatening or unacceptable event, instead pushing those events into the unconscious mind

Rationalization

A person invents acceptable excuses for unaccepatable behavior

Projection

Unacceptable or threatening impulses of feelings as seen as originating with someone else, usually the target of the impulses of feelings

Projecting

Placing one’s unacceptable thoughts unto others

Reaction Formation

A person forms an opposite emotional or behavioral reaction to the way they really feels in order to keep those true feelings hidden from self and others

Displacement

Redirecting feelings from a threatening target to a less threatening one

Regression

A person falls back on childlike patterns of responding in reaction to stressful situations

Identification

A person try to become someone else to deal with anxiety

Compensation or Substitution

Person makes up for deficiencies in one area by becoming superior in another area

Fixation

Psychic energy is blocked at one stage of development, making psychological change difficult

Sublimation

Channeling socially unacceptable impulses and urges into socially acceptable behavior

Psychosexual Stages

Each stage has an erogenous zone

Psychosexual Stages

Tells us when does our personality develop

Psychosexual Stages

Psyche develops as a result of our

Psychosexual Stages

Resolve the conflict in order to avoid getting stuck in that psychosexual stage

Erogenous Areas

Source of pleasure

Infantile Period

Encompasses the first 4 to 5 years of life

Oral Stage

Birth to 1 or 1 ½ years

Mouth

Erogenous zone in Oral Stage

Weaning

Primary conflict in Oral Stage; Id dominated/Id develops

Oral Stage

Id has developed already

Pleasure of Oral Stage

Sucking, feeding and making noises with the mouth

Orally Fixated Activities and Personality

Overeating, Drinking too much, Chain Smoking, Talking too much, Nail Biting, Gum Chewing

Too Aggressive and Pessimistic

When needs are not met well in Oral Stage (Deprived)

Deprived / Denied Oral Needs

When needs are not met well in the Oral Stage and results to too much aggression and pessimism

Too Dependent and Optimistic

When needs are not overindulged in Oral Stage (Spoiled)

Spoiled

When needs are not met well in the Oral Stage and results to too much dependent and optimistic

Anal Stage

1 or 1 ½ to 3 years old

Anal Stage

Second stage of Psychosexual Stage

Anus

Erogenous zone of the Anal Stage

Toilet Training

Source of conflict in the Anal Stage

Anal Stage

Stage where ego develops; more in touch with reality

Anal Expulsive Personality

A person fixated in the anal stage is messy, destructive and hostile

Anal Retentive Personality

A person fixated in the anal stage who is neat, fussy, stingy and stubborn

Anal Expulsive Personality

Doesn’t want to use the toilet so pooping everywhere