AP Biology Topic 6 and 7

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to cellular respiration, including processes, definitions, and stages.

Cellular Respiration

Process by which cells harvest chemical energy from organic molecules to generate ATP.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

The energy currency of the cell, generated during cellular respiration.

Glycolysis

The first stage of cellular respiration that splits glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate.

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Stage of cellular respiration that includes the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis, producing ATP.

NAD+

An electron carrier that is reduced to NADH during the oxidation of glucose.

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

A sequence of membrane proteins that transfer electrons and release energy used to synthesize ATP.

Citric Acid Cycle

Also known as the Krebs cycle; processes acetyl CoA to produce ATP, NADH, and FADH2.

Lactic Acid Fermentation

A type of fermentation where pyruvate is reduced directly by NADH to produce lactate, occurring in muscle cells under low oxygen.

Fermentation

A metabolic process that generates ATP without the involvement of an electron transport chain.

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions

Chemical reactions involving the transfer of electrons, significant in energy production during respiration.