Nursing: Unit 4: Chapter 32: Exercise and Activity Needs

Abduction

Moving a body part away from the mid line of the body

Adduction

Moving a body part toward the mid line of the body

Ambulation

The act of walking

atrophy

The decrease in size or wasting away tissue

Red rest

Restricting a person to bed and limiting activity for health reasons

Contracture

Decrease motion and stiffness of a joint caused by shortening of a muscle which makes it become in a fixed position and deformed.

Deconditioning

The loss of muscle strength from inactivity

Dorsiflexion

Bending the toes and foot up at the ankle

Extension

Straightening a body part

External rotation

Turning the joint outward

Flexion

Bending a body part

Footdrop

The goot falls down at the ankle; permanent plantar flexion

Hyperextension

Excessive straightening of a body part

Immobility

The inability to move

Opposition

Touching an opposite finger with the thumb

Orthotic

A device used to support a muscle, a certain motion, or correct a deformity

plantar flexion

bending the foot down at the ankle

Postural (orthostatic) hypotension

Abnormally low blood pressure when the person suddenly stands up

Pronation

Turning the joint downward

ROM

Range of motion; movement of a joint to the extent possible without causing pain

Rotation

Turning the joint

Supination

Turning the joint upward

Complete bed rest

Type of bedrest where everything is done for the person, including ADL (assisted daily living)

Bed rest with commode privileges

Type of bed rest where the commode is used at the bed for elimination

Bed rest with bathroom privleges

Type of bed rest where the bathroom is used for elimination

Ankle-foot orthosis

AFO abbreviation stands for?

passive range of motion

PROM stands for?

Syncope

Another term for fainting

Active ROM

This range of motion type is done by the person

Passive ROM

This type of range of motion is when you move the joints of the person

Assistive Active ROM

Type of range of motion wher ethe person does the exercises with some help

Bed cradle

Type of positioning device that keeps the weight of the top linens off of the feet and toes

Trochanter roll

Type of positioning device that prevents the hips and legs from turning outward (done by rolling a bath blanket or towel)

Hip abduction wedge

Type of positioning device that keeps the hips abducted (apart) and is done so by placing this device in between the person’s legs

Hand roll

Type of positioning device that prevents contractures o the thumb, fingers, and wrist

Finter cushion

Type of positioning device that prevents the contraction of the thumb, fingers, and wrist by separating the fingers

Splint

Type of positioning device that keeps the elbows, wrists, thumns, fingers, ankles, or knees in the normal position and usually secured in place with velcro

Brace

Type of positioning device that supports a weak body part and prevents or corrects deformities/prevents joint movement

AFO

Type of positioning device that provides support and alignment to the ankle and foot; used for footdrop.

Canes

These are used to provide balance and support when there’s a weakness on one side of the body. It’s held on the strong side, and moved forward along with the weak leg

Walker

This gives more support than the cane;a person pushes this 6-8 inches in front of them to walk.

Crutches

These are used when a person can’t use one leg or when both legs need o gain strength.