water movement within plants

root hair cells

specialised cells to absorb water…long extension to increase surface area for better absorption and mitochondria to release energy for active transport

osmosis

net movement of water from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential through a partially permeable membrane

transpiration

evaporation of water through the surfaces of the mesophyll cells and the diffusion of water vapour through the stomata to the atmosphere

root pressure

the turgidity of root hair cells due to the increase of water volume

transpiration pull

water transpires in the leaves creating a low water potential causing water in the xylem to follow the concentration gradient and go into the leaf creating a suction

cohesion

force of attraction between water molecules

adhesion

force of attraction between water molecules and lignin walls of the xylem

functions of water

cool the leaves through evaporative cooling, supply water for photosynthesis, transport dissolved minerals through the plant, maintain rigid cells