Kines 202 Lab Practical 1

Describe anatomical position?

Standing in an upright position facing straight ahead, feet parallel and close, palms facing forward

Proximal

Closer to the trunk

Distal

Further from the trunk

Medial

Closer to the midline of the body

Lateral

Towards the sides, further from the midline

Superior

Towards the head

Inferior

Towards the feet

Superficial

Closer to the surface

Deep

Further from the surface

Anterior

Near the front

Posterior

Nearer to the back

Cranial

Pertaining to the head

Caudal

Towards the "tail"

Ipsilateral

On the same side

Contralateral

On the opposite side

Frontal Plane

Divides the body into anterior and posterior

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into right and left

Transverse Plane

Divides the body into superior and inferior

Sagittal Plane

Plane of motion for any flexion,extension, dorsiflexion or plantar flexion?

Frontal Plane

Plane of motion for any abduction,adduction, elevation,depression,inversion or eversion?

Transverse Plane

Plane of motion for any twisting, supination, pronation, or internal/external rotation?

Mediolateral Axis

Axis of rotation for movements in the sagittal plane?

Anteroposterior Axis

Axis of rotation for movements in the frontal plane?

Longitudinal Axis

Axis of rotation for movements in the transverse plane?

Plantar

Bottom of the foot

Dorsal

Top of the foot

Palpitation

The process of using one's hands to examine the body

Mastoid Process

A conical prominence of the temporal bone behind the ear

Medial/lateral malleolus

Bony projections located on the distal tibia (medial malleolus) and fibula (lateral malleolus)

Tibial tuberosity

Large projection on the proximal, anterior aspect of the tibia

Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

A bony projection located on the most anterior portion of the ilium

Plane Joint

Condyloid Joint

Saddle Joint

Hinge Joint

Pivot joint

Ball and socket joint

Epiphysis

Epiphyseal Line

Periosteum

Yellow bone marrow

Medullary cavity

Articular Cartilage

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

Abductor Hallucis

Abductor Digiti Minimi

1st layer of the foot

Lumbricals

Quadratus Plantae

2nd layer of the foot

Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Adductor Hallucis

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

3rd layer of the foot

Plantar Interossei

Dorsal Interossei

4th layer of the foot

Talocrural Joint

Articulation of the tibia and fibula

Subtalar Joint

Articulation of the talus and calcaneous

Calcaneofibular ligament

Anterior talofibular joint

Posterior talofibular ligament

What makes up the lateral collateral ligament

posterior tibiotalar ligament

tibiocalcaneal ligament

tibionavicular ligament

anterior tibiotalar ligament

What makes up the deltoid ligament

Semitendinosus

Gracilis

Sartorius

What makes up the Pes Anserinus

Plantar flexion

Dorsiflexion

What are the main actions of the talocrural joint?

Inversion

Eversion

What are the main actions of the subtalar joint joint?

Varus

Knees far apart, "bow-legged"

Valgus

Knees pointed medially, "knock-kneed"

Anterior Tibiofibular Ligament

B?

Posterior Tibiofibular Ligament

C?

Posterior talofibular ligament

Anterior talofibular ligament

A?

Calcaneofibular Ligament

D?

Posterior tibiotalar ligament

C?

Anterior tibiotalar ligament

B?

Tibiocalcaneal ligament

D?

Tibionavicular ligament

A?

Extensor Digitorum Longus

Extensor Hallicus Longus

Extensor Retinacula

Peroneus Brevis

Peroneus Longus

Peroneus Tertius

Flexor Hallucis longus

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Tibialis Anterior

Flexor digitorum longus

Popliteus

Tibialis posterior

Extensor digitorum longus

Tibialis Anterior

Extensor digitorum longus

Extensor hallucis longus

Peroneus tertius

What makes up the anterior compartment?

Deep peroneal nerve

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment?

Peroneus longus

Peroneus brevis

What muscles make up the lateral compartment?

Tibial nerve

What nerve intervates the superficial posterior compartment?

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Plantaris

Popliteus

What muscles make up the superficial posterior compartment?

Tibial Nerve

What nerve innervates the deep posterior compartment?

Tibialis posterior

Flexor digitorum longus

Flexor hallicus longus

What muscles makes up the deep posterior compartment?

O: lateral tibial condyle

I: Medial cuneiform, base of first metatarsal

A: Dorsiflexion of ankle, inverts foot

Tibialis anterior- O, I, A

O: Lateral tibial condyle

I: Phalanges of of lateral 4 toes

A: Extends lateral 4 toes, dorsiflexion of ankle, everts foot

Extensor digitorum longus- O, I, A

O: middle of anterior fibula

I: base of great toe

A: extends big toe, dorsiflexion of ankle, weak foot inversion

Extensor Hallicus Longus- O, I, A

O: distal part of fibula

I: base of 5th metatarsal

A: weak dorsiflexion of ankle

Peroneus Tertius- O, I, A

Superficial peroneal nerve

What nerve innervates the lateral compartment?

O: head of fibula

I: base of 1st metatarsal

A: Everts foot, weak plantarflexion of ankle

Peroneus longus- O, I, A

O: lower part of fibula

I: top, base of 5th metatarsal

A: everts footm weak plantarflexion of ankle

Peroneus brevis- O, I, A

O: medial head (above medial femoral condyle), lateral head (above lateral femoral condyle)

I: Calcaneus via achilles tendon

A: Plantarflexion of ankle, flexion of knee

Gastrocnemius- O, I, A

O: posterior part of fibula

I: calcaneus via achilles tendon

A: plantarflexion of ankle

Soleus- O, I, A

O: supracondylar ridge of femur

I: calcaneus via achilles tendon

A: weakly assists gastrocnemius

Plantaris- O, I, A

O: lateral epicondyle of femur

I: posterior surface of tibia

A: "screw-home mechanism"

Popliteus- O, I, A

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

What makes up the triceps surae?

O: Interosseous membrane

I: Base of metatarsals 2-5

A: Plantarflexes ankle, inverts foot

Tibialis Posterior- O, I, A

O: Middle of posterior tibia

I: Base of distal phalanx 2-5

A: Plantarflexes ankle, inverts foot, flexion of lesser 4 toes

Flexor Digitorum Longus- O, I, A