Seedless Plants and Plant Life Cycle Review

Flashcards covering key concepts related to seedless plants and the plant life cycle.

What are the two generations in the plant life cycle?

Sporophyte (diploid) and Gametophyte (haploid)

What type of plants lack vascular tissue?

Nonvascular plants (e.g., mosses, liverworts, hornworts)

What is the primary photosynthetic pigment found in plants?

Chlorophyll,

What is the ploidy of spores produced by the sporophyte generation?

Haploid (n)

In which part of the plant does meiosis occur to produce spores?

In the sporangium.

What is the role of xylem in vascular plants?

Transports water and minerals; provides structural support.

How do non-vascular plants transport nutrients?

Through diffusion and osmosis.

How many types of spores are produced in heterospory?

Two types: microspores and megaspores.

What type of generation is dominant in nonvascular plants?

Gametophyte generation.

What is the phylum of seed plants with flowers and fruits?

Angiosperms (phylum Anthophyta).

What are the two main groups of plants based on vascular tissue?

Nonvascular plants and vascular plants.

Name the phyla of nonvascular plants.

1. Bryophyta (mosses)
2. Hepatophyta (liverworts)
3. Anthocerotophyta (hornworts).

What is a key characteristic of nonvascular plants?

They lack specialized vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) for transporting water and nutrients.

What are the phyla of vascular plants?

1. Lycophyta (club mosses)

2. Sphenophyta (horsetails)

3. Monilophyta (ferns)

4. Cycadophyta (cycads)

5. Ginkgophyta (ginkgo)

6. Coniferophyta (conifers)

7. Anthophyta (flowering plants or angiosperms).

What is the function of vascular tissues in vascular plants?

Vascular tissues consist of xylem for water and nutrient transport and phloem for transporting sugars and food.

What distinguishes the phylum Monilophyta?

Monilophyta

includes ferns, which have true leaves, stems, and roots, and reproduce via spores.

What is a defining feature of gymnosperms?

Gymnosperms, like those in the phylum Coniferophyta, have seeds that are not enclosed in an ovary (naked seeds).

How do angiosperms differ from gymnosperms?

Angiosperms (phylum Anthophyta) produce flowers and fruits that enclose their seeds, while gymnosperms do not.