310105e Energy 2025 TF

Energy

The capacity to do work or produce heat.

Kinetic Energy (EK)

The energy of motion, dependent on mass and speed.

Joule (J)

The unit of energy, equivalent to N·m or kg·m²/s².

Potential Energy (EP)

Energy stored due to an object's vertical position or height.

Conservation of Energy

The principle stating that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

Gravitational Potential Energy (EP)

Potential energy related to an object's height above ground, calculated as mgh.

Spring Constant (k)

A measure of a spring's stiffness, defined by the ratio of force exerted to distance compressed or stretched.

Hooke’s Law

States that the force exerted by a spring is directly proportional to its extension or compression.

Spring Potential Energy

Stored energy in a spring, calculated using the formula EP = ½kx².

Velocity (v)

The speed of an object in a particular direction.

Mass (m)

A measure of the amount of matter in an object, typically measured in kilograms (kg).

Height (h)

The vertical distance of an object above a reference point, usually ground level.

Force (F)

An interaction that causes an object to accelerate, measured in Newtons (N).

Mechanical Energy

The sum of potential and kinetic energy in a system.

Mass Spring System

A system in which a mass is attached to a spring and can oscillate under the influence of forces applied.

Pressure (P)

The force exerted per unit area, commonly measured in pascals (Pa).

Effective Area (A)

The area over which pressure acts in a system, influencing forces in hydraulic or pneumatic systems.

Energy Transformations

The conversion of energy from one form to another, such as potential energy transforming into kinetic energy.