Parasitology lab packets

Enterobius vermicularis

Slender bodies with sharp pointed posterior ends. Conspicuous, muscular bulb

Direct

Enterobius vermicularis life cycle type

Cephalic alae

Anterior end of Enterobius vermicularis female

Bulbed esophagus

Posterior end of enterobius vermicularis

Vulva

This opens at the midpoint of a female enterobius vermicularis nematode

Enterobius vermicularis

This species isn’t pathogenic at high numbers but causes severe irritation

Necator americanus

Distinguished by copulatory bursa supported by muscular bursal rays

Vulva

Ensure the transfer of sperm

Plates

This Separates nectar americanus from old worm hookworm

Copulatory bursa and fused spicules

Male characteristic in nectar americanus

Necator americanus

Penetrate through feet of host and end up in lungs to molt

copulatory bursa

Uses to hang onto female hosts in nectar americanus

Ancylostoma duodenale

Characterized by cutting teeth and seperate spicules

Ascaris lumbricoides

This egg has a thick and lumpy outer shell

1

Ascaris lumbricoides life cycle host number

Dirofilaria immitis

Involves complex life cycles with mammals as definitive host and insect as intermediate

Insects

What type of vectors do filariasis nematodes use?

microfilariae

Gracie female worms give birth to these juveniles

Lepeoptheirus salmonis

Known as sea lice, has a cephalothorax, broad genital segment, and reduced abdomen

Nauplius

Stage in Lepeoptheirus salmonis stage after eggs and ovisacs

Copepodids

Stage after nauplius

Lernaea sp.

Distinguished from anterior end being made of horns and remainder of parasite is known as the trunk

Maxillae

In salmincola that used to be mouth party’s but now fused to a bulla

Argulus sp.

Has compound eyes, sucking proboscis and a pre-oral stinger/stylet

Argulus sp.

Both male and females swim freely and females need to leave host to lay eggs

Annuli

The Pentastomes have this and is know as distinct true segments

Pentastomes

Characterized by a mouth and pair of hooks

Lironeca sp.

Segmentation, 7 segments of thorax bear a pair of identical legs, compound eyes

Cyamus sp.

Characterized by gills and antennae

Hexapoda

This class is characterized by air breathing, distinct head, thorax and abdomen, single pair of antennae and three pairs of eggs

Ctenocephalides sp.

Has spiracles and chitin out exoskeleton, prontal ctenidia and pygidium

Pediculus humanus

Has a fused thorax and 5-segmented antennae , hyperparasites

Pediculus humanus

Eggs are laid and end up getting cemented to hairs

Nymphs

In Pediculus humanus the stage after eggs

Ixodes scapularis

Known as hard ticks

Ixodes scapularis

Causes transmission of Lyme disease

Palps

In Ixodes scapularis that are used to grasp folds of skin before injection of hypostome

Spiracular plates

This aids in respiration in Ixodes scapularis

8-legged nymph

Stage after seed ticks (6 legs)

3

How many hosts does Ixodes scapularis require

1

How many hosts for sarcoptes scabiei to complete life cycle

Sarcoptes scabiei

Known as the itch mite, covered in long hairs

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

This species contains antigenic variation

Asexual

Type of reproduction for trypomastigotes

Procyclic trypomastigotes

When the trypomastigote undergoes binary fission in midgut of insect

Epimastigotes

Stage after the procyclic trypomastigotes

Metacyclic trypomastigotes

Stage after epimastigotes

Trypomastigote

Contains a flagellum, kinetoplast and nucleus

Promastigote

Kinetoplast anterior to nucleus, flagellum anterior end as well

Trypomastigote

Kinetoplast in frount of nucleus

Leishmania sp.

Promastigote to amastigotes

1

How many hosts does Giardia lamblia need to complete life cycle

Trophozoite

Characterized by 2 nuclei and 4 pairs of flagella

Cyst

Stage after Trophozoite in girardia

Sporozoites

Stage before Trophozoite in plasmodium falciparum

Schizont

Stage after Trophozoite in plasmodium

Merozoites

Stage after Schizont

RBCs

Where do merozoites transport to?

Erythrocytic schizogeny

Where merozoites continue to infect and asexually reproduce.

Macro or microgametocytes

Stage after merozoites

Ookinete

Stage after macro and microgametocytes

Sporozoites

Stage after oocysts

Signet ring stage

Stage in Trophozoites in plasmodium falciparum

merozoites

Stage in liver cell in plasmodium

Relapse

Happens in plasmodium vivax when infection happens again

Schuffner’s dots

Stippling when RBC enlarged and loose color

Ichthiopthirius multifilis

Horseshoe shaped macro nucleus

Skin or gills

Where are Trophozoites in Ichthiopthirius multifilis

1

How many hosts does Ichthiopthirius multifilis need to complete life cycle ?

tomont

Stage after Trophozoite in Ichthiopthirius multifilis

Entamoeba histolytica

Distinct characteristic is that each Trophozoite has a large nucleus

Cyst

Stage after Trophozoite in entamoeba histolytica