Zoology Introduction-Chapter 9

What is an Animal?

Eukaryotic Organism, No Cell Walls, Multicellular, Motile during part or all of life, Ingestion feeders.

What is Taxonomy?

Science of naming

What is the study of Phylogenetics?

Study of evolutionary history and relationships

Cladistics

a biological classification method that groups organisms into categories called clades based on their shared evolutionary ancestry

Clade

a group of organisms consisting of a single common ancestor and all of its descendants

Taxonomic Hierarchy

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Phylum Plural

Phyla

Genus Plural

Genera

Animal Categorizing

Symmetry, Organizational Complexity (body complication), Types of embryonic tissues present, Development pattern (how they develope), Segmentation (repetition)

What does Primitive mean?

relating to an early stage of development, a very ancient time, or something basic and simple. ex. waling on all four legs

Ancestral

What does Derived mean?

New trait-learned. ex. walking upright

Spherical Symmetry

4 line of symmetry

Radial Symmetry

Radiating from Center

Bilateral Symmetry

Half

Anterior

Front of the body

Posterior

Back of the body

Ventral

relating to the belly

Dorasl

relating to the back by spine

Frontal

Divides front and back. Anterior and Posterior.

Sagittal Plane

Splits body left and right.

Transverse Plane

Divides Top and Bottom.

Acoelomate

an animal with a solid body that lacks a fluid-filled body cavity between its gut and outer body wall

pseudocoelomate

an animal with a fluid-filled body cavity that is only partially lined by mesoderm tissue

Annelide

the animal's body is divided into a series of repeated, ring-like segments or compartments from front to back.

Arthropod

animal’s body is divided into series of repeating parts but not the whole body. Only parts. Animals with hard outer shells.

Chordata

animals with a backbone