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Macronutrient breakdown
50-60% carbs
>30% fats
12-15% protein
6 Cups of water
Limited Saturated fats
Explain how anaerobic energy systems could contribute to ATP production during a 3-minute round of boxing.
All system work concurrently
Anaerobic System is used because it’s short/intense
ATP-CP is dominant for first 7-10 seconds
Lactic Acid system is dominant from five seconds to 1-2 minutes
Describe the production of ATP from glucose by the aerobic system
Production of ATP with oxygen
Aerobic energy consists of 3 systems- glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport chain
Glycolysis- occurs in cytoplasm
Krebs cycle & electron transport chain- Mitochondria
Outline the function of glucagon in relation to the breakdown of glycogen when fasting
Glucagon is a hormone released by the pancreas when blood sugar levels are low
Fasting reduces blood glucose which stimulates the release of glucagon
Explain how glucose molecules combine to form disaccharides and polysaccharides
Disaccharides- formed through monosaccharides being linked in a condensation reaction
Polysaccharides- monosaccharides linked to a disaccharide
Chemical composition of a glucose molecule
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen (CHO)
Describe the process of glycogenolysis
Glycogenolysis is when glycogon breaks glycogen to release glucose.
Occurs in the cytoplasm of the liver
Catabolic reaction
Distinguish between the role of insulin and glucagon during a long-distance cycle race (5)
Insulin: releases due to high blood sugar; increases the uptake of glucose by cells
Glucagon: Is released due to low blood sugar, and stimulates the breakdown of glucagen in the blood. Is released during long periods of exercise when liver glycogen stores are depleted
Define Cellular respiration
The controlled release of energy in the form of ATP from organic compounds in cells
Which of the following are major sites of triglyceride storage
Adipose tissue & Skeletal muscle
What is an example of an unsaturated fat
Canola oil
Chemical composition of a protein molecule
N,O,C,H
What term is used to describe the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate in the absence of oxygen (occurs in the cytoplasm)
Anaerobic glycolysis
Which is an example of a catabolic reaction
the production of glucose from glycogen
What is the function of Lysosomes?
Digest cellular macromolecules
Which of the following fuels can be used by a cell to make ATP anaerobically
glucose
Which of the following describes lipolysis?
the process of releasing triglycerides from the body’s fat stores
What is the function of adrenaline during exercise
stimulates the breakdown of glycogen
Which of the following is the function of the golgi apparatus
It is involved in the processing and packaging of proteins and fats
Which of the following are features of the ATP-CP system?
It provides energy for the first three minutes of activity
CP is broken down to provide a phosphate molecule
Which energy system is the quickest to resynthesize ATP?
atp-cp
What is the process by which glycogen is broken down to glucose?
Glycogenolysis
Which type of process is taking place when ATP is converted to ADP and Phosphate
Metabolism and Catabolism
What is the composition of the triacylglycerol molecule
One glycerol molecule and three fatty acids
What characterizes saturated fats
They have no double bonds between the individual carbon atoms of the fatty acid
What is glycogen?
A polysaccharide built from glucose molecules
Note 
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