2.5 health issues + 2.6 The effect of lifestyle on some non-communicable diseases

health

the state of physical and mental well being

examples of diseases interacting

* Defects in the immune system mean that an individual is more likely to suffer from infectious diseases.
* Viruses living in cells can be the trigger for cancers.
* Immune reactions initially caused by a pathogen can trigger allergies such as skin rashes and asthma.
* Severe physical ill health can lead to depression and other mental illness.

risk factors

* The effects of diet, smoking and exercise on cardiovascular disease.
* Obesity as a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes.
* The effect of alcohol on the liver and brain function.
* The effect of smoking on lung disease and lung cancer.
* The effects of smoking and alcohol on unborn babies.
* Carcinogens, including ionising radiation, as risk factors in cancer.

cancer

uncontrolled cell growth and division

Benign tumours

s are growths of abnormal cells which are contained in one area, usually within a membrane. They do not invade other parts of the body

Malignant tumour

are cancers. They invade neighbouring tissues and spread to different parts of the body in the blood where they form secondary tumours.