Emergence of Other Types of Literature during Spanish Colonial Period

Doctrina Cristiana (1593)

 – by Fr. Juan de Placencia & Fr. Domingo Nieva
 – First printed book in the Philippines

Nuestra Señora del Rosario

  – by Fr. Blancas de San Jose

Barláan at Josaphat (1708)

– Translated from Greek to Tagalog by Fr. Antonio de Borja

Urbana at Felisa
 – by Modesto de Castro
 – Known as the Father of Classic Prose in Tagalog

Folk Songs

– Songs adapted to Filipino folkways during Spanish rule.

Recreational Plays

– Performed poetic forms like:
  • Cenaculo • Carillo • Zarzuela • Moro-Moro
  • Balagtasan • Duplo • Karagatan

Novels

– Fictitious, long, and complex prose.

 Francisco Baltazar (1788–1862)

🏅 Title: Master of Traditional Tagalog Poetry

✍ Famous Work: Florante at Laura (written between 1838–1861)

📖 Considered the most famous metrical romance in Philippine literature

Pedro Paterno (1857–1911)

✍ Poetry Collection: Sampaguitas y poesías varias (1880)
 – First poetry collection in Spanish by a Filipino

📖 Novel: Ninay (1885)
 – Regarded as the first Filipino novel

Dr. José Rizal (1861–1896)

🏅 National Hero and prominent Ilustrado
📖 Famous Works:
 – Noli Me Tangere (1887)
 – El Filibusterismo (1891)

💡 Both novels expose the corruption and abuse of Spanish officials and the clergy

 Andres Bonifacio (1863–1897)

⚔ Founder of the Katipunan (K.K.K.)

📜 Famous Work:

 – Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa

🗞 Published in Kalayaan, the Katipunan’s official newspaper (March 1896)

Leona Florentino (1849–1884)

👩‍🎓 Known as the "Mother of Philippine Women’s Literature"

📜 20 of her poems were preserved and exhibited in Europe

📚 Included in the Encyclopedia Internationale des Œuvres des Femmes (1889)

Short Stories

📖 Stories that revolve around one subject and can be read in one sitting
📏 Typically range from 1,000 to 20,000 words
📝 The first short story written in English in the Philippines:
 – Dead Stars by Paz Marquez Benitez

Juan C. Laya

🏅 Won First Prize in the First Commonwealth Literary Awards (1940)
📖 Award-winning novel: His Native Soil

Zoilo M. Galang

📖 Wrote A Child of Sorrow (1921)

📚 Tagalog Short Stories

– Flourished during this period
– Best works compiled in Ang Pinakamabuting Maikling Kathang Pilipino ng 1943 by Liwayway magazine editors

Narciso G. Reyes

 – Lupang Tinubuan by

Liwayway Arceo

 – Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa by

N. V. M. Gonzalez

 – Nayon at Dagatdagatan by

Macario Pineda

 – Suyuan sa Tuhigan by

Opera and Classical Music

– Gained popularity as part of cultural expression during the period

Essay

– Example: Literature and Society by Salvador P. Lopez
– Promoted the social relevance of literature

Autobiography

– Example: The Good Fight by Manuel L. Quezon
– A personal account of Quezon’s leadership and principles