Digestive system

what are the different digestive canal organs?

Esophagus

Stomach

Small intestine

large intestine

anal canal

what is the basic pattern of the mucosa layer of the digestive system?

Epithelium- simple columnar epithelium

lamina propia - loose CT

muscularis mucosae - smooth muscle and CT

submucosal layer - Loose Ct

what is the structure of the muscular layer of the basic digestive system tubes?

circular layer - smooth muscle

longitudinal layer - smooth muscle

what is the serosa of the basic digestive tubes?

simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium)

how is the way that the digestive system increases surface different from that of other systems (urinary, respiratory, etc.)

digestive system creates fold to increase surface area instead of branching

what are the structural modifications in the esophagus that are different than the basic tube? and what is the esophagus function?

epithelium - stratified squamous epithelium (non-keratinzed) to resist abrasion

muscular layer - switches from skeletal to smooth half way, voluntary to involuntary

adventitia - dense irreg. Ct, vasuclar supply

Function: transport

what are the different parts of the stomach?

cardia

fundus

body

pylorus

greater curvature

lesser curvature

what are the modifications of the stomach from the basic tube?

mucosa- basic but has gastric rugae at end to secrete stomach acid

muscular - additional oblique layer (diagonal) between circular and longitudinal

serosa - basic

what is the function of the stomach?

to secrete acid and churn food Function: storage, secretion of acids, beggining of digestion

what are the different sections of the small intestine?

duodenum - 12 inches

jejunum

ileum

DJ Ileum

what is the role of the liver?

1. Bile production, helps thing smix

2. fuel regulation and storage

what is the purpose of the gallbladder?

bile storage

what is the extrahepatic bile duct?

the ducts from the liver and gall bladder to the pancreas

what is the function of the pancreas?

Exocrine: secretes enzymes for digestion

Endocrine: secrets insulin & glucagon into blood

what are the structural differences in the small intestines tubes compared to basic digestive tube?

in mucosa layer, there is also circular folds and intestinal vili - simple columnar epithelium

what is the anatomy of the villi in the small intesine?

1. mucosal layer, nonciliated simple culmnar epithelium

2. lamin propria: loose CT

3. muscolaris mucosae: smooth muscle and ct

4. submucosal layer: loose CT

5. capillary: endothelium

6. Central Lymphatic capillary: enothelium, lipid absorbtion

7. Muscular layer: circular and longitudinal, smooth muscle

8. serosa: simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium)

what is the function of the small intestine?

digestion, absorption

what are the different parts of the large intestine?

caecum - with vermiform appendix attached

ascending colon

transverse colon

descending colon

sigmoid colon

rectum

what are the differences in the tube structure of the large intestine?

mucosa - semilunar folds increasing surface area, water absorbtion

muscularis - longitude layer turns into taeniae coli

serosa - has fatty appendages for energy storage

what is the function of the large intestine?

absorption of water

storage of feces