Heat and Temperature

conduction

The transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another through direct contact.

Convection

The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas.

Radiation

Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles.

Specific heat

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance 1 degree Celsius.

Temperature

The degree of hotness or coldness of a body or environment.

Heat energy

A form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature.

Combustion

A process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light.

Melting point

The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.

Freezing point

The temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid.

Boiling point

The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas.

Freezing point of water

0 degrees Celsius 32 degress Farenheit.

Normal body temperature

98.6 degrees F or 37 degrees C.

Absolute zero

The temperature at which molecular energy is at a minimum (0 K on the Kelvin scale or -273.16ºC on the Celsius scale)

Boiling point of water

100 degrees C or 212 degrees F.

Surface temperature of the sun

5780 K (about 10,000 degrees F)

0 degree fahrenheit

-17.78 degrees Celsius

-40degrees celsius

-40degrees Fahrenheit

Filament in a light bulb

4000K

Calorimeter

A measuring instrument that determines quantities of heat.

Thermal Conductor

A material that conducts thermal energy well.

Thermal insulator

A material that conducts thermal energy poorly.

Thermodynamics

Deals with the relations ship of heat transfer between other forms of energy. Study of the effects of work, heat and energy on a system. The transfer of energy through heat. The way heat is used as an energy resource.

First Law of Thermodynamics

Heat is a form of energy which can be neither created nor destroyed but can be changed in form.

Second Law of Thermodynamics

thermal energy that flows from a warmer material to a cooler material

Third Law of Thermodynamics

No system can reach absolute zero.

-40 degrees Celsius

-40 degrees Fahrenheit

Sublimation

(chemistry) a change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid.

Melting

A process in which solid changes to liquid.

Evaporation

The change of a liquid to a gas

Condensation

The change from a gas to a liquid.

Deposition

Change from a gas directly to a solid.

Freezing

A change from liquid to solid.

Latent Heat

Heat given off when matter changes state.

Thermal Expansion

An increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased.

Thermal Contraction

The decrease in the volume of a matter due to cooling.